威胁、安全与和平:中美国家安全观文本的比较研究

Threat, Security and Peace: A Comparative Study of Chinese and American Texts on National Security Concepts

一国对外发布的安全文本是该国在安全议题上的政策宣讲与对外宣示,体现了其对国家安全局势与国际安全格局的思考。中美作为世界上综合实力位居前位且具有重大政治影响力的国家,其双边关系及对外交往,尤其是其安全政策,深刻影响世界局势。本文对中美两国发布的安全文本进行了比较分析,发现中美两国国家安全观在解读威胁、实现安全与建设和平等方面存在显著差异。美国将安全与西方价值观挂钩,以军事霸权、对抗思维作为谋求绝对安全与霸权地位的主要工具。中国则始终高度重视世界整体和平,统筹安全和发展议题,以共同安全与合作安全妥善应对人类社会面临的威胁。中美两国在国家安全观上的不同倾向使双方在一系列重大问题上采取了不同的政策和行动。

The security texts issued by a country to the outside world are the country's policy declarations on security issues, reflecting its thinking on the national security situation and the international security landscape. As the world's top countries in terms of comprehensive strength and significant political influence, China and the U. S. have profound impacts on global situation in terms of their bilateral relations and external exchanges, especially their security policies. This paper provides a comparative analysis of the security texts released by China and the U. S., and finds that there are significant differences between the national security concepts of China and the U. S. in terms of interpreting threats, realizing security and building peace. The U. S. links security to Western values and uses military hegemony and confrontational thinking as the main tools for seeking absolute security and hegemony. China, on the other hand, has always attached great importance to overall world peace, integrated security and development issues, and appropriately responded to the threats facing human society with common and cooperative security. The different tendencies of China and the U. S. in their concepts of national security have led them to adopt different policies and actions on a series of major issues.