美洲鲥集约化循环种养模式研究

Research on intensive cycle breeding model of Alosa sapidissima

为探究美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)集约化循环种养模式的应用前景,选择平均体质量为(231.17±34.70)g的美洲鲥,进行了为期204 d的“鱼、菜共生”集约化循环种养模式试验。结果显示:美洲鲥在第84—119天阶段体质量增速最快,整个养殖周期美洲鲥的体长特定增长率和体质量特定增长率分别为(0.16±0.01)%/d和(0.44±0.25)%/d,养殖成活率为70.6%,平均产量为8.20 kg/m^(3);蔬菜种植床共计收获蔬菜1273.8 kg,平均产量为3.40 kg/m^(2);净利润为50893元。试验期间对养殖水质进行了定期检测,其中氨氮(TAN)、亚硝态氮(NO_(2)^(-)-N)、总磷(TP)和总氮(TN)总体呈现逐渐降低的趋势,而硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、溶解氧(DO)呈现逐渐升高的趋势,化学需氧量(COD)指标相对稳定。结果表明,美洲鲥集约化循环种养模式提高了养殖的经济效益和生态效益,可作为绿色生态健康养殖新模式进行推广。

The intensive cycle breeding model,as a new type of agricultural production model,can achieve efficient utilization of resources and ecological balance.To explore the application prospects of the intensive cycle breeding model,American shad(Alosa sapidissima)with average body weight of(231.17±34.70)g was selected for a 204 day intensive cycling test of fish-vegetable symbiosis.The results showed that the American shad exhibited the fastest growth rate between 84 and 119 days.The specific growth rate(SGR)of body length and body weight were(0.16±0.01)%/day and(0.44±0.25)%/day throughout the breeding cycle,respectively.The survival rate was 70.6%,and the average yield was 8.20 kg/m^(3).A total of 1273.8 kg of vegetables were harvested from the planting beds,and the average yield was 3.40 kg/m^(2).The net profit was 50893 yuan.During the breeding period,water quality indicators were regularly monitored.The overall trend of total ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(-)-N),total phosphorus(TP),and total nitrogen(TN)was gradually decreasing,while nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and dissolved oxygen(DO)showed an overall trend of gradual increase.The chemical oxygen demand(COD)remained relatively stable.The study indicated that the intensive cycle cultivation model can improve both the economic and ecological benefits of American shad.This new green ecological and healthy aquaculture model should be actively promoted.