上海地区凡纳滨对虾工厂化养殖的发展瓶颈及建议

Development bottleneck and suggestion of industrial aquaculture model of Litopenaeus vannamei in Shanghai area

工厂化循环水养殖具有节约水土资源、养殖密度高、生产控制能力强、自动化程度高以及生态绿色环保等优点,是现阶段我国养殖产业主推的绿色养殖模式之一。文章对凡纳滨对虾工厂化养殖模式的内涵、国内外发展历程和水平等进行了概述,通过调研分析上海实施工厂化养虾的典型案例,发现目前上海地区工厂化养虾存在前期投资较大、运营成本较高、技术支撑体系不够完备、技术和管理类复合型人才缺乏、市场不稳定等瓶颈问题,并提出了加大政府扶持力度、加强基础应用研究、开展技术培训指导、重视品牌战略建设等切实可行的对策和建议,可为上海工厂化养虾的进一步发展和推广提供参考。

Under the continuous advocacy of the national green development of aquaculture,industrial recirculating aquaculture is one of main green farming models promoted by the aquaculture industry.The industrial culture model has the advantages of saving water and soil resources,high stocking density,strong production control ability,high degree of automation,and ecological green environmental protection.This paper briefly expounded the connotation,development history,and level of the industrial farming model of Litopenaeus vannamei in China and abroad.Through investigation and analysis of typical cases of the implementation of industrial shrimp farming in Shanghai,it was found that there were current bottlenecks such as large initial investment,high operating costs,incomplete technical support system,lack of multi-talents in technology and management,and market instability.In order to provide scientific reference for the further development and popularization of industrial shrimp farming in Shanghai,this paper put forward feasible countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of increasing government support,strengthening basic application research,carrying out technical training and guidance,and attaching importance to brand strategy construction.