“人往高处走”:数字经济如何影响劳动力流动?

Man Struggles Upwards:How Does the Digital Economy Affect Labor Mobility?

将2012~2018年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据与数字经济指数相匹配,使用条件Logit模型实证检验城市数字经济发展对劳动力流动的作用效果。结果表明:数字经济发展有助于促进外来劳动力流入。机制检验表明,数字经济发展可以通过提供更多的就业机会以及提升预期收入水平进而起到吸引劳动力流入的作用。异质性分析表明,数字经济发展促进劳动力流动的作用效果主要体现在女性、农村户籍、年轻人、未婚以及受教育程度较高的群体上。此外,中西部城市因数字经济增速发展而有助于吸引劳动力流入就业,而一线城市以及大型城市则因生活成本较高等问题而抑制了数字经济对外来劳动力的吸引作用。因此,应持续通过培育数字经济载体、壮大数字产业以及构建劳动力流动信息平台等方式优化劳动力资源配置。

By combining the data of the China Migrants Dynamic Survey from 2012 to 2018 with the urban digital economy index,this paper uses conditional Logit model to empirically analyze the effect of digital economy development on labor mobility.The research results indicate that the development of urban digital economy helps to attract the inflow of labor.The mechanism test points out that the development of digital economy can attract the inflow of labor force by providing more employment opportunities and raising the expected income.The individual heterogeneity test indicates that the effect of digital economy on promoting labor mobility is mainly reflected in women,rural household registration,young people,unmarried and highly educated groups.In addition,the central and western cities help to attract labor into employment due to the rapid growth of digital economy,while the first-tier cities and large cities restrain the attraction of digital economy to labor due to the high cost of living.Therefore,we should continue to optimize the allocation of labor resources by cultivating digital economic carriers,strengthening the digital industry,and building information platform for labor mobility.