萤石矿分级尾砂充填技术研究

Study on the Graded Tailings Filling Technology of Fluorite Ore

江西新干新衡萤石矿尾矿库已经闭库,为充分解决尾砂处置问题,矿山建立了充填站,对井下生产空区进行充填,但萤石矿70%的尾矿产率导致充填不能处理全部尾砂。因此矿山下游建设了建筑用砖厂,形成利用分级粗尾砂制砖和细尾砂用于井下充填的解决方案。利用水力旋流器分级后,产率为50%的粗颗粒尾砂进行分离制砖,剩余的分级细尾砂进行充填。为解决分级后细尾砂充填关键技术进行了一系列研究,包括分级设备选择的合理性、细尾砂的基本性质、充填浓度形成的关键药剂优化选择、胶固材料的选用、细尾砂充填配比等。结果表明,新衡萤石矿尾砂采用水力旋流器分级产率达到50%的情况下,矿山所产生尾砂能够完全被利用;优化选择的聚合剂用量为3.3 L/t和絮凝剂用量为20 g/t时细尾砂沉降达到最好效果;选用新型胶凝材料作为细尾砂胶固材料能取得好的充填效果;当充填浓度为56%~60%时,灰砂比控制在1∶(6~10)范围内,充填能满足矿山采矿要求。研究结果为解决新衡萤石矿矿山尾矿循环利用和细尾砂充填质量问题奠定了基础,同时也为类似矿山解决尾矿循环利用问题提供了思路。

The tailings pond of Xinheng Fluorite Mine in Jiangxi Province has been closed.In order to fully solve the problem of tailings disposal,the mine has established a filling station to fill the underground production area,but the 70%tailings rate of fluorite mine leads to the filling unable to handle all the tailings.Therefore,a construction brick factory was built downstream of the mine,forming a solution of using graded coarse tailings for making bricks and fine tailings for underground filling.50%coarse granular tailings are separated by hydrocyclone,and the remaining graded fine tailings are filled.A series of studies have been conducted to solve the key technology of fine tailings filling after grading,including the rationality of the selection of grading equipment,the basic properties of fine tailings,the optimal selection of key agents formed by the filling concentration,the selection of cement materials,and the filling ratio of fine tailings.The results show that when the hydrocyclone grading rate reaches 50%,The tailings produced by the mine can be fully used.The amount of 3.3 L/t and polyacrylamide of 20 g/t can achieve the best effect.Choosing new cementing material as fine tailings cementing material can achieve good filling effect.When the filling concentration was 56%-60%,The ratio is controlled within the range of 1∶(6-10)to meet the mining requirements.To solve the problem of tailings recycling utilization and fine tailings filling quality in Xinheng fluorite mine,At the same time,it also provides ideas for solving the tailings recycling utilization problem in similar mines.