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事件拟代和类指拟代——从“放着NP不VP”看主观评价的两种实现机制

Event simulation and generic simulation as realizations of evaluative modality:A case study of“fangzhe(放着)NP bu(不)VP”
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摘要 本文以汉语常用构式“放着NP不VP”为例,探讨言者如何行使主观评价行为。文章提出,当言者说出这个构式时,他对施事的某种行为做出了一个规范性(normative)的消极评价,即认为“没有实施VP-NP行为是不应该的”。言者的评价行为是通过“事件拟代”和“类指拟代”(Gordon,1986)两种方式实现的,尤其是后者,是言者行使规范性评价行为最基本、最常用的方式。文章通过话题化、量化、从属化等多种句法语义测试框架证明,类指拟代在该构式的准入限制等方面表现出较强的解释力。 The present paper endeavors to probe into the mode by which the speaker performs his subjective evaluation.By ut⁃tering a commonly used semi-schematic construction of“fangzhe(放着)NP bu(不)VP”,the speaker files a normative eval⁃uation toward the agent who makes his unwise choice of not carrying out the act denoted by VP-NP.It proposes that such an evaluative act is realized by event simulation and generic simulation(Gordon,1986),of which the latter plays a vital role.The paper also presents multiple syntactic and semantic testing frames,e.g.,topicalization,quantification,and subordination,within which generic simulation proves effective in explaining various constraints over the accessibility to the construction.
作者 强星娜 QIANG Xingna(Institute of International Chinese Language Teaching,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处 《华文教学与研究》 CSSCI 2024年第4期34-42,共9页 TCSOL Studies
基金 教育部中外语言交流合作中心2022年国际中文教育研究课题重点项目“面向国际中文教育的汉语语气与情态研究”(22YH38B)。
关键词 事件拟代 类指拟代 大众心理 主观评价 event simulation generic simulation folk psychology subjective evaluation

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