纳米限域高效物质传输和化学反应研究进展

Highly Efficient Nano-Confined Mass Transport and Chemical Reaction

纳米尺度的限域效应赋予纳米孔道内流体传输和化学反应一系列独特的物理化学特性。阐述纳米限域环境下离子和分子传输以及化学反应方面的奇异现象,如离子的选择性传输、水分子的超快传输以及化学反应产率和选择性的显著提升。特别强调量子限域超流体的概念和理论,并对纳米限域高效离子/分子传输和化学反应的重要研究进展进行重点介绍。纳米限域流体学领域研究已经取得显著的进展,其在海水淡化、离子筛分、生命分析和化学合成等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力,但是现阶段仍面临较多技术和理论挑战,需要进一步的创新研究来推动该领域的发展。

The confinement effect at the nanoscale endows fluid transport and chemical reactions within nanochannels with a series of unique physicochemical properties.This paper introduces the peculiar phenomena of ion and molecular transport and chemical reactions under nanoconfined conditions,such as selective ion transport,ultrafast water molecule transport,and a significant enhancement in the yield and selectivity of chemical reactions.Special emphasis is placed on the concept and theory of quantum-confined superfluid.The important advancements in highly efficient ion/molecular transport and chemical reactions under nanoconfinement is highlighted.The field of nanoconfined fluidics has made significant progress and demonstrates immense potential for application in areas such as desalination,ion sieving,life analysis,and chemical synthesis.However,it still faces numerous technical and theoretical challenges that require further innovative research to drive the development of the field forward.