IKAP模式对急性胰腺炎患者疾病认知、自护水平及疾病复发的影响

Effects of IKAP Mode on Disease Cognition,Self-care Level and Disease Recurrence in Patients with Acute Pancreatitis

目的:探讨信息-知识-信念-行为(IKAP)模式对急性胰腺炎(AP)患者疾病认知、自护水平及疾病复发的影响。方法:选取2019年1月—2021年1月南昌市人民医院收治的70例AP患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各35例。对照组采用传统护理模式干预,观察组以IKAP模式进行护理干预。通过疾病知识问卷、自我护理能力测量表(ESCA)以及生活质量评定表(QOL)比较两组患者干预前后疾病认知、自护水平以及生活质量的变化;比较两组患者出院后3个月内的复发情况。结果:干预后,两组患者对疾病背景、治疗手段、防护措施以及健康行为的知晓度较干预前均有提高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.584、9.017、17.618、10.606,P<0.05);两组患者自我概念、自护责任感、自护技能以及健康知识水平得分较干预前均有提高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=9.013、7.566、5.378、7.825,P<0.05);干预后,两组患者生理、心理和社会功能以及活动能力评分较干预前均有提高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.145、8.923、9.834、8.185,P<0.05);出院后3个月内,观察组患者的疾病复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.968,P<0.05)。结论:IKAP模式的护理干预能有效提高AP患者对疾病的认知水平,提高其自护能力,改善患者的生活质量,降低疾病复发风险。

Objective:To explore the effects of information-knowledge-belief-behavior(IKAP)mode on disease cognition,self-care level and disease recurrence in patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods:A total of 70 patients with AP admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were enrolled and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was given traditional nursing,while observation group was given IKAP mode.The changes of disease cognition,self-care level and quality of life before and after intervention in the two groups were compared with disease knowledge questionnaire,exercise of self-care agency scale(ESCA)and quality of life scale(QOL).The recurrence within 3 months after discharge was compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention,the awareness of disease background,treatment,protective measures and health behaviors in both groups was higher than before intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group(t=12.584,9.017,17.618,10.606;P<0.05).The scores of self-concept,self-care responsibility,self-care skills and health knowledge in both groups were improved compared with those before intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group,with statistically significant difference(t=9.013,7.566,5.378,7.825;P<0.05).The scores of physiological,psychological and social functions and activity ability of patients in both groups were improved compared with those before intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group(t=12.145,8.923,9.834,8.185;P<0.05).Within 3 months after discharge,the recurrence rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.968,P<0.05).Conclusion:IKAP mode nursing intervention can effectively improve cognition level of disease,self-care ability and quality of life,and reduce the risk of disease recurrence in AP patients.