以PERMA理论为指导的心理护理用于再生障碍性贫血患者的效果观察

Observation on the Effect of Psychological Nursing Guided by PERMA Theory on Patients with Aplastic Anemia

目的:探讨以积极情绪、投入、人际关系、意义、成就(PERMA)理论为指导的心理护理在再生障碍性贫血(AA)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年10月莆田市第一医院收治的80例AA患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为观察组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。对照组采用常规护理,观察组联合以PERMA理论为指导的心理护理,持续8周。对比两组患者心理状态、治疗依从性、并发症发生率、生活质量及护理满意度。结果:护理后,观察组患者焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.729、6.198,P<0.05)。观察组患者总治疗依从率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.314,P<0.05);观察组患者并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.114,P<0.05)。护理后,观察组患者情感职能、社会功能、生命活力、心理健康、精神健康、生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=0.635、5.912、0.412、6.242、0.448、6.592、0.839、6.180、0.656、5.145、0.599、6.366、1.010、5.841、1.022、5.284,P<0.05)。观察组患者护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.114,P<0.05)。结论:以PERMA理论为指导的心理护理能减轻AA患者负面情绪,提高治疗依从性,减少预后并发症的发生,从而提高生活质量,获得更高的护理满意度。

Objective:To explore the application effect of psychological nursing guided by the theory of positive emotions,engagement,interpersonal relationships,meaning,and achievement(PERMA)in patients with aplastic anemia(AA).Methods:80 AA patients admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with 40 patients in each group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received psychological care guided by the PERMA theory for 8 weeks.Psychological status,treatment compliance,incidence of complications,quality of life,and nursing satisfaction between the two groups were compared.Results:SAS score and SDS score in the observation group after nursing were lower than those in the control group(t=5.729,6.198;P<0.05).The total treatment compliance rate of observation group was higher than that of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.314,P<0.05).The incidence of complications in observation group was lower than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.114,P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of emotional function,social function,vital vitality,mental health,mental health,physiological function,physiological function and physical pain in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(t=0.635,5.912,0.412,6.242,0.448,6.592,0.839,6.180,0.656,5.145,0.599,6.366,1.010,5.841,1.022,5.284;P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.114,P<0.05).Conclusion:Psychological care guided by the PERMA theory can alleviate negative emotions in AA patients,improve treatment compliance,reduce the occurrence of complications,improve quality of life,and achieve higher nursing satisfaction.