基于近零介电常数材料的热辐射调控研究进展

Research Progress of Thermal Regulation Based on Epsilon-near-zero Materials

热辐射调控基于热辐射特性和物质相互作用实现对热辐射强度、频谱分布和方向的调控,在能量转化、传感等领域具有广泛的科学研究价值。传统热辐射材料受限于材料本身辐射吸收特性而无法实现按需设计及可控热辐射性能。近零介电常数(ENZ)材料因其特定波长附近介电常数近零而具有低折射率、强色散和电场增强等独特电磁响应特性,在调控热辐射方面具有巨大潜力。本文介绍了不同红外波段的ENZ材料分类以及ENZ材料电场增强机理,并围绕研究工作重点论述了近几年基于ENZ材料的宽带、定向、动态及可见兼容红外热辐射调控器的结构设计及最新进展,最后总结了基于ENZ材料的热辐射调控器目前所面临的挑战并展望了其未来发展方向。

Thermal regulation is a fundamental process in controlling the intensity,spectrum distribution,and direction of thermal radiation,which holds significant scientific research value in energy conversion and sensing.However,traditional thermal radiation materials are constrained by inherent absorption characteristics,posing limitations on achieving tailor-made designs and controllable thermal radiation performance.In contrast,epsilon-near-zero(ENZ)materials exhibit remarkable electromagnetic response properties,including a low refractive index,strong dispersion,and electric field enhancement near specific wavelengths.Consequently,ENZ materials possess tremendous potential in regulating thermal radiation.This review summarizes the classification of ENZ materials in different infrared wavelengths and the mechanism of electric field enhancement of ENZ materials.Also,we discuss the structural design and latest progress of wideband,directional,dynamic and visible compatible infrared thermal radiation regulators based on ENZ materials in recent years.Finally,we propose the current challenges of ENZ-based thermal radiation regulators and the future development directions.