失独父母的精神困境与干预策略——基于对20名城市失独父母的扎根理论分析

Spiritual Dilemmas and Intervention Strategies for Parents Lost the Only Child:Based on the Grounded Theory Analysis of 20 Urban Parents Lost the Only Child

由于失去独生子女,失独父母身陷多重困境,这些困境相互交织并进一步加重了其精神困境。文章采用质性研究方法,通过访谈法收集资料,使用扎根理论深入考察城市失独父母精神困境的表现与成因。研究发现,失独父母在遭遇失去独生子女的人生困境之后,个人精神支柱坍塌,生活的无意义感、“无儿防老”的养老焦虑和社会融入障碍无时无刻不在影响其精神状况,失独父母陷入严重的精神困境之中。因此,需要采取重塑失独父母人生意义、完善我国居家养老服务机制、促进失独父母社会融入等干预策略,帮助他们脱离精神困境。

The loss of an only child leaves parents grappling with multiple predicaments that exacerbate their spiritual turmoil.This study adopts qualitative research methods,collects data through interviews,and employs the grounded theory to examine the manifestations and causes of the spiritual dilemma of urban parents who have lost their only child.The findings reveal that the spiritual pillars that once upheld them collapsed instantly after the loss of their only child,leading to a pervasive sense of purposelessness,anxiety about“aging without children”and challenges in social integration,all of which significantly impact their spiritual well-being.The study recommends intervention strategies,including redefining the meaning of life for these parents,improving China’s home care services,and promoting the social integration of parents who have lost their only child,in order to help them get out of their spiritual turmoil.