浑河沈抚段表层沉积物多环芳烃时空分布及来源解析

Characterization of spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of Shenfu section of Hun River and analysis of sources

使用固相萃取结合高效液相色谱法测定3个不同时间段(2021年4月、6月与10月)浑河沈抚段表层沉积物中的16种多环芳烃含量,并应用特征比值法和主成分分析法对其进行来源解析。结果表明,表层沉积物中全部PAHs总浓度(ΣPAHs)含量分别为:56.61~381.34μg/L(4月),348.75~1686.81μg/L(6月),216.22~1963.85μg/L(10月)。在环数占比上,中环芳烃和低环芳烃占比最高,浑河沈抚段上游及中游区域ΣPAHs含量最高,并且有较强的时间异质性,4月的平均ΣPAHs含量为169.30μg/L,显著低于6月与10月的平均ΣPAHs含量(分别为862.84和930.92μg/L)。煤炭及生物质燃烧源为主要的PAHs污染来源,少部分为石油及石油燃烧源和工业废物废气源,说明工业与人类烧荒活动为浑河沈抚段表层沉积物的主要污染来源,应作为重点监测对象。

The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the surface sediments of the Hun River Shenfu section were determined,using solid--phase extraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography at three different time periods(April,June,and October 2021).Characteristic ratio method and principal component analysis were employed to analyze their sources.The results indicated that the total concentrations of PAHs(ΣPAHs)in surface sediments were 56.61-381.34μg/L(April),348.75-1686.81μg/L(June),and 216.22-1963.85μg/L(October).In terms of ring distribution,medium and low ring PAHs accounted for the highest proportions.The upper and middle reaches of the Hun River Shenfu section exhibited the highestΣPAHs concentrations,with significant temporal heterogeneity.The averageΣPAHs concentration in April was 169.30μg/L,significantly lower than those in June and October,which were 862.84μg/L and 930.92μg/L,respectively.The primary sources of PAH pollution were coal and biomass combustion,with minor contributions from petroleum and petroleum combustion sources and industrial waste gas emissions.This indicates that industrial activities and human agricultural burning are the main pollution sources for the surface sediments of the Hun River Shenfu section and should be the focus of monitoring efforts.