2023年6月1日辽宁龙卷天气过程分析

Analysis of Liaoning tornado weather process on June 1st,2023

为了研究冷涡背景下辽宁龙卷的产生特征,提高龙卷预报的精度,本文综合利用ERA5再分析资料,对2023年6月1日辽宁阜新、铁岭、沈阳同时出现的龙卷天气背景、物理参量(环流形式、动力条件、温湿特征、大气稳定度等)及龙卷维持发展机制进行分析。结果表明:在蒙新高地的冷涡与东北冷涡合并背景下,底层暖湿气流的流入、低层的强烈垂直风切变以及强烈的上升运动,为本次龙卷的发生带来强有利的天气背景。当龙卷发生地处于负垂直运动区,低层辐合高层辐散的高低空配置配合低层暖湿气流流入以及强烈的风切变,使得空气块做上升运动从而促成辽宁龙卷天气的发生。

In order to study the characteristics of Liaoning tornadoes under the background of cold vortex,and to improve the precision of tornado forecasting,the ERA5 reanalysis data method is used in this paper.The analysis includes the weather background,physical parameters(circulation form,dynamic conditions,thermal and moisture characteristics,atmospheric stability,etc.),as well as the sustaining and development mechanism of tornadoes that occurred simultaneously in Fuxin,Tieling,and Shenyang,Liaoning on June 1,2023.The results show that under the background of the merger of the cold vortex in the Mongolian Plateau and the northeast cold vortex,the inflow of warm and wet airflow at the bottom,strong vertical wind shear at the lower level,and strong upward movement provide a strong favorable weather background for the occurrence of the tornado.When the tornado occurred in the negative vertical movement area,the high-low altitude configuration of convergence at low level and divergence at high level combined with the inflow of warm and humid air at low level and strong wind shear made the air mass move upward,thus promoting the occurrence of tornado weather in Liaoning.