1990—2021年中国矽肺疾病负担研究

Study on the burden of silicosis in China in 1990-2021

目的基于2021年全球疾病负担数据分析1990—2021年中国矽肺疾病负担状况及其变化趋势,为矽肺防控提供参考依据。方法从2021年全球疾病负担数据库中提取中国矽肺患病、发病、死亡数据信息以及伤残调整寿命年(Disability-adjusted life year,DALY)等数据,分析矽肺疾病负担水平及年龄分布。计算平均年度变化百分比反映时间变化趋势,并与全球人群进行对比。结果1990—2021年中国矽肺的患病人数从79075例增加至171291例,增幅116.62%;发病人数从13315例增加至23401例,增幅75.75%;死亡人数从4837例增加至6326例,增幅30.76%。DALYs从150729.65人年增加至173091.06人年,增幅14.84%。中国矽肺的年龄标化患病率、发病率、死亡率、DALY率、伤残损失生命年率、死亡损失生命年率均呈现下降趋势,平均年度变化百分比(95%CI)分别为-0.42%(-0.56%~-0.29%)、-1.02%(-1.16%~-0.88%)、-2.16%(-2.49%~-1.83%)、-2.24%(-2.63%~-1.84%)、-2.45%(-2.76%~-2.14%)和-0.42%(-0.54%~-0.29%)。1990—2021年中国矽肺各项年龄标化率指标均高于全球同期水平,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中国矽肺发病占尘肺病发病总例数的比例从1990年的68.49%上升至2021年的78.58%。结论中国矽肺年龄标化率指标呈下降趋势,但患病例数、发病例数及DALY人年数呈增加趋势。中国矽肺年龄标化发病率仍较高,需继续加强矽肺防控。

Objective To estimate the disease burden of silicosis in China from 1990 to 2021 and analyze its changing trends using the data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021(GBD 2021),and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of silicosis.Methods Data on the incidence,prevalence,morbidity and death,mortality and disability-adjusted life year(DALY)of silicosis in China were extracted from the GBD 2021 to analyze the disease burden and age distribution of silicosis.The average annual percentage change(AAPC)was calculated to reflect the temporal trend of various disease burden indicators from 1990 to 2021.The results were then compared with those of the global population.Results In China,prevalent cases of silicosis increased by 116.62%from 79075 in 1990 to 171291 in 2021;incident cases of silicosis increased by 75.75%from 13315 in 1990 to 23401 in 2021;deaths of silicosis increased by 30.76%from 4837 in 1990 to 6326 in 2021;DALYs of silicosis increased by 14.84%from 150,729.65 person-years in 1990 to 173091.06 person-years in 2021.The age-standardized rate of prevalence,incidence,mortality,DALY,YLL,and YLD of silicosis in China all showed a downward trend.The AAPC(95%CI)was-0.42%(-0.56%~-0.29%),-1.02%(-1.16%~-0.88%),-2.16%(-2.49%~-1.83%),-2.24%(-2.63%~-1.84%),-2.45%(-2.76%~-2.14%),and-0.42%(-0.54%~-0.29%),respectively.From 1990 to 2021,the age-standardized indicators of silicosis in China were all higher than the global level,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The proportion of silicosis incident cases in the total incident cases of pneumoconiosis in China increased from 68.49%in 1990 to 78.58%in 2021.Conclusion The age-standardized indicators of silicosis in China showed a downward trend from 1990 to 2021,but the number of prevalent cases,incident cases,and DALYs showed an increasing trend.The age-standardized incident rate of silicosis in China remains at a high level,suggesting that further efforts should be made to prevent and control silicosis.