流感流行季节家长对儿童流感疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素分析

Influenza vaccination intention and its influencing factors among parents in influenza epidemic season

目的探究流感流行季节家长对儿童流感疫苗接种意愿及其影响因素分析。方法2020年4月至2024年2月采用整群抽样法抽取1254名儿童家长,调查流感流行季节家长对儿童流感疫苗接种意愿情况,采用单因素及多因素logistic回归分析影响儿童家长流感疫苗接种意愿的独立影响因素。结果在调查的1254名家长中,有1065名家长对儿童有流感疫苗接种意愿(84.93%);分别在儿童年龄、儿童学龄段、户籍居住地、家长年龄、家长职业、家长文化程度、家庭年收入、是否为独生子女、家长对流感疫苗知识知晓水平家长对疫苗效果的看法、家长对疫苗安全性的看法、家长是否愿意自费接种流感疫苗及3年内接受过流感疫苗的儿童的家长及接受过流感疫苗的家长对儿童接种流感疫苗的意愿率比较等差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);儿童年龄[OR≤6岁:1.538(1.028~3.825),OR6~12岁:2.457(1.058~3.205)]、户籍居住地[3.576(1.489~3.864)]、家长职业[OR医务人员/教师:2.953(1.230~3.861),OR事业单位:2.830(1.218~3.228)]、家长文化程度[OR高中/中专:3.518(1.881~3.888),OR大专及以上:2.946(1.699~3.598)]、家长对流感知识认知水平[OR中:3.674(2.363~3.937),OR高:2.215(1.815~3.758)]、家长对疫苗效果的看法[OR不清楚:4.524(1.518~3.549),OR有效:3.934(1.306~3.510)]、家长对疫苗安全性的看法[OR不清楚:3.418(1.471~3.542),OR有效:2.824(1.216~3.582)]均是影响家长流感疫苗接种意愿的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论儿童年龄、户籍、家长职业、文化程度、对流感知识认知等因素为影响流感流行季节儿童家长流感疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。

Objective To explore the influenza vaccination intention and its influencing factors among children′s parents in influenza epidemic season.Methods A total of 1254 parents of children were selected by cluster sampling method from April 2020 to February 2024 to investigate the intention of influenza vaccination in influenza epidemic season.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the independent influencing factors of the influenza vaccination intention.Results Among the 1254 parents surveyed,1065(84.93%)had the intention of influenza vaccination.The age of children,children′s school age,place of residence,parents′age,parents′occupation,parents′education level,annual family income,only child or not,parents′awareness level of influenza vaccine knowledge,parents′views on vaccine effectiveness,parents′views on vaccine safety,parents′willingness to receive influenza vaccine at their own expense,and the vaccination rate of children and parents within 3 years were statistically different(P<0.05).Multivariate logistics regression analysis after adjusting baseline data showed that children′s age[OR≤6 years old:1.538(1.028-3.825),OR6-12 years old:1.538(1.028-3.825)],place of residence[3.576(1.489-3.864)],occupation of parents[OR_(medical staff/teachers):2.953(1.230-3.861)],[OR_(public institution):2.830(1.218-3.228)],parents′education level[OR_(senior high school/secondary school):3.518(1.881-3.888),OR_(junior college and above):2.946(1.699-3.598)],parents′awareness level of influenza knowledge[OR_(medium):3.674(2.363-3.937),OR_(high):2.215(1.815-3.758)],parents′views on vaccine effectiveness[OR_(unclear:)4.524(1.518-3.549),OR_(effective):3.934(1.306-3.510)],parents′views on vaccine safety[OR unclear:3.418(1.471-3.542),OReffective:2.824(1.216-3.582)]were independent influencing factors affecting parents′influenza vaccination intention(P<0.05).Conclusion Children′s age,household registration,parents′occupation,education level and influenza knowledge awareness are the influencing factors of parents′intention of influenza vaccination in influenza epidemic season.