我国开放获取出版期刊著作权协议存在问题与改进建议

Existing problems and improvement suggestions for copyright agreements of open access journals in China

【目的】分析开放科学环境下中国开放获取(Open Access,OA)期刊的著作权协议存在的问题,提出完善中国OA期刊著作权协议的建议。【方法】针对国内主办的中文(包括双语)OA期刊和英文OA期刊(包括国际出版商合作出版期刊),利用文献调研法开展著作权协议调查,获取期刊著作权政策,总结著作权协议中可能存在的漏洞;通过线下调研方式完善调研内容,并通过咨询出版和知识产权专家等,提出开放科学环境下完善中国OA期刊著作权协议的对策建议。【结果】OA期刊著作权协议存在未与作者签订著作权转让/许可协议、协议生效和失效方式不合理、著作权转让/许可范围不明确、著作权人签字不完整、未明确转让/许可费用等基本问题。还存在转让/许可权利类型混乱、许可协议未明确专有使用权,以及未明确能否再次许可给第三方等问题。【结论】OA期刊应进一步完善著作权协议,避免可能存在的纠纷。在未来,建议开展著作权培训,利用现代信息技术产品进行著作权使用的监测和追踪,进一步完善著作权保护相关的法律和维权途径等,从期刊和国家两方面共同推进开放科学环境下OA论文著作权保护,推进OA发展。

[Purposes]This study analyzes the issues existing in the copyright agreements of open access(OA)journals in China under the open science environment.It also proposes suggestions for improving the copyright agreements of Chinese OA journals.[Methods]We focused on Chinese(including mixed-language)and English(including journals co-published with international publishers)journals hosted domestically.A literature research method was used to conduct a copyright agreement survey,obtain journal copyright policies,and summarize potential loopholes in copyright agreements.Offline research methods were also employed to complement the research content.Suggestions for strategies to improve OA copyright issues of Chinese journals under the open science environment were developed by consulting with publishing and intellectual property experts.[Findings]The study identifies basic issues with OA journal copyright agreements.These issues include the lack of signed copyright transfer/licensing agreements with authors,unreasonable methods of agreement activation and expiration,the unclear scope of copyright transfer/licensing,incomplete signatures of copyright owners,and the absence of clarified transfer/licensing fees.Additionally,there are problems with confusion regarding the types of transferred/licensed rights,licensing agreements that do not specify exclusive rights,and a lack of clarity on whether rights can be sub-licensed to third parties.[Conclusions]OA journals should further improve their copyright agreements to avoid potential disputes.In the future,it is recommended to carry out copyright training,use modern information technology products to monitor and track copyright usage,and further improve relevant laws and rights protection channels for copyright protection.It is suggested to advance the development of OA by enhancing copyright protection in an open science environment from both journal and national perspectives.