铁路特价线路运价管理模式研究

Freight Rate Management Mode of Railway Special Price Line

价格是市场经济中调节供求关系、优化资源配置、确立市场地位的重要工具。面对运输市场环境变化,铁路运输价格也应紧随内部企业经营需要及外部市场竞争关系,调整定价及管理模式。针对铁路特殊运价政策及管理模式开展研究,分析提出铁路货运特价线路影响运输径路设计、造成全程运费水平偏高、难以满足内部收入清算及外部市场竞争要求等问题,按照市场在资源配置中发挥决定性作用的总体思路,结合我国交通运输的发展现状和趋势,从促进铁路运价水平和结构的合理化角度,提出基于线路类型特征区分的铁路特价线路运价管理原则。从加强经济评估论证、提高市场风险意识、发挥政策引导作用等方面,提出特价线路建设投资与定价机制的优化建议,有助于激发铁路市场核心竞争力,优化线路资源合理配置。

Price is an important tool to regulate supply and demand,optimize resource allocation,and establish market position in the market economy.In the face of the change in the transport market environment,railway transport should also adjust its pricing and management mode closely following the business needs of internal enterprises and external market competition.This paper conducted research on railway special freight policy and management mode,analyzed,and put forward the problems related to railway freight special price line that affected transport route design,resulted in high freight levels throughout the process,made it difficult to meet internal revenue liquidation and external market competition requirements.According to the overall idea that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation,the development status and trend of China's transportation were analyzed.From the perspective of promoting the rationalization of railway freight level and structure,this paper put forward the pricing management principle of railway special price lines based on line type characteristics.From the aspects of strengthening economic evaluation,improving market risk awareness,and giving play to policy guidance,this paper put forward some suggestions on the construction investment and pricing mechanism of special price lines, which could stimulate the core competitiveness of the railway market and optimize the rational allocation of railway resources.