添加不同水平糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂对鲜食玉米秸秆青贮营养价值及发酵品质的影响

Effects of different levels of molasses and complex bacterial enzyme preparations on nutritional value and fermentation quality of fresh corn stalk silage

试验针对鲜食玉米收获期较早水分大、粗纤维含量高,秸秆利用率低、堆砌焚烧秸秆造成的环境污染、生物资源大量浪费等卡脖子难题,添加不同水平糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂(植物乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、纤维素酶),旨在研究其对鲜食玉米秸秆青贮营养价值及发酵品质的影响。采用完全随机区组设计,在青贮过程中共设置4个处理组,分别为对照组(CK组)、添加2%糖蜜组(M_(1)组)、添加2%糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂组(M_(2)组)、4%糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂组(M_(3)组),每组3个重复,青贮60 d后开袋,测定鲜食玉米秸秆青贮营养成分和青贮发酵品质。结果显示:(1)添加不同水平糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂能有效提高青贮饲料的营养价值,显著增加干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量(P<0.05),显著降低中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量(P<0.05);(2)添加不同水平糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂能明显改善青贮饲料的发酵品质,p H显著下降(P<0.05),乳酸、乙酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),氨态氮/总氮含量有降低趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。在本试验条件下,添加2%糖蜜和复合菌酶制剂秸秆青贮效果最佳。

In order to study the effects of different levels of molasses and complex bacterial enzymes(Lactobacillus plantarum,Bifidobacterium and cellulase)on the nutritional value and fermentation quality of fresh corn stalk silage,the experiment was aimed at the problems of early harvest of fresh corn stalk,large moisture,high crude fiber content,low utilization rate of straw,environmental pollution caused by pile burning straw,and large waste of biological resources.A completely randomized block design was adopted.Four treatment groups were set up during the silage process,namely control group (CK group),2%molasses group(M_1group),2%molasses and complex bacterial enzyme preparation group (M_(2)group),4%molasses and complex bacterial enzyme preparation group (M_(3)group),with 3 replicates per group.The nutrient composition and fermentation quality of fresh corn stalk silage were determined.The results showed as follows:(1)Adding different levels of molasses and complex bacterial enzyme preparation could effectively improve the nutritional value of silage,significantly increase the contents of dry matter,crude protein and crude fat (P<0.05),and significantly reduce the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber (P<0.05);(2)Adding different levels of molasses and complex bacterial enzyme preparations could significantly improve the fermentation quality of silage,the p H was significantly decreased (P<0.05),the contents of lactic acid and acetic acid were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen content had a decreasing trend,but the difference was not significant (P>0.05).Under the experimental conditions,adding2%molasses and compound bacterial enzyme preparation straw silage had the best effect.