南方鲜食玉米秸秆营养品质评价

Evaluation of nutritional quality of fresh corn stalk silage in Guangxi province

鲜食玉米秸秆用作青贮饲料,能弥补南方优质饲草缺口,促进畜牧业发展,环保又增收。本试验对南宁鲜食玉米国家区域试验中33个生物产量较高的品种秸秆进行了营养品质评价。结果表明:测试品种粗蛋白质含量为8.5%~11.6%,粗脂肪含量为1.5%~3.07%,每吨干物质产奶量为1168~1354.67 kg,此三项重要青贮指标均显著优于作为对照的当地青贮玉米品种‘桂单162’的6.3%,1.2%,984 kg;中性洗涤纤维含量为55.73%~68.27%,酸性洗涤纤维含量为55.73%~68.27%,对照为72.3%和44.15%;据聚类分析结果显示,纤维含量低而淀粉和每吨干物质产奶量高的品种分别是‘华美甜12号’‘白色恋人’‘珠玉糯1号’‘斯达糯54’‘庆甜香糯5号’,其秸秆可加工成较好的青贮饲料。本研究显示鲜食玉米秸秆是很好的青贮来源,在青贮饲料缺乏的区域,可通过选种青贮品质优秀的鲜食玉米品种,增加青贮饲料的原料供应。同时,在鲜食玉米育种中提升秸秆的青贮品质,亦可明显提升相关品种的种植收益。

Fresh corn straw used as silage feed can greatly fill the gap in high-quality forage in the south,promote the development of animal husbandry,and increase environmental protection and income.This experiment evaluated the nutritional quality of 33 varieties of straw with higher biological yield in the Nanning fresh corn national regional trial.The results showed that the tested varieties had a crude protein content of8.5% to 11.6%,a crude fat content of 1.5% to 3.07%,and a dry matter intake of 1168 to 1354.67 kg.These three important silage indicators were significantly better than the local silage corn variety 'Guidan 162',which was 6.3%,1.2% and 984 kg as the control;The content of neutral washing fiber was 55.73% ~ 68.27%,the content of acidic washing fiber was 55.73% ~ 68.27%,and the control was 72.3% and 44.15%;According to cluster analysis results,the varieties with low fiber content and high starch and dry matter intake were'Huameitian 12' 'White Lover' 'Zhuyunuo 1' 'Starnuo 54' and 'Qingtianxiangnuo 5',respectively.Their straw could be processed into better silage feed.This study indicated that fresh corn straw was a good source of silage.In areas where there was a shortage of silage feed,the supply of raw materials for silage feed could be increased by selecting fresh corn varieties with excellent silage quality.At the same time,improving the quality of straw storage in fresh corn breeding could also significantly improve the planting income of related varieties.