基于热安全性的新能源汽车动力电池包自动灭火装置设计

Design of Automatic Fire Extinguishing Device with the Power Battery Pack of New Energy Vehicle

新能源汽车因动力电池起火而引发的火灾量较多且危害严重。针对此现象,通过研究火灾产生的原因,结合热失控的机理,从安全、成本以及便于二次安装的角度出发,提出了新能源汽车动力电池包自动灭火的方案,同时对该方案设计了控制策略,基于MATLAB/Simulink软件平台进行仿真测试。结果表明:该灭火装置能通过多种触发方式进行灭火,避免了不必要的损坏。当因碰撞而引起电池失火时,在车内乘员不能正常出入情况下能自动灭火,同时提醒路人协助救援,避免了驾驶员因碰撞不能移动而造成二次伤害。

New energy vehicles are of large amount of fire and serious harm caused by power battery fire.In view of this phenomenon,by studying the causes of fire,combined with the mechanism of thermal runaway,and from the perspective of safety,cost and convenience for secondary installation,a scheme of automatic fire extinguishing for the power battery pack of new energy vehicles was proposed.The control strategy of the scheme was designed and the simulation test was carried out based on MATLAB/simulink software platform.The results show that the device can extinguish fire by various triggering ways and avoid unnecessary damage.When the battery fire is caused by the collision,and the occupants of the car can not normally get off the vehicle,the device can automatically extinguish the fire,and remind passers-by to assist rescue,to avoid the secondary injury due to that the driver can not move after the collision.