国内外森林火灾应急医学救援管理与实施特点及启示

Characteristics and inspirations of emergency medical rescue management and implementation for forest fires at home and abroad

目的 探讨国内外森林火灾应急医学救援组织实施的特点和经验,为我国完善森林火灾应急医学救援管理与实施策略提供参考。方法 通过文献分析,梳理国外有关机构为有效应对森林火灾伤病情开展应急医学救援组织实施的特点,对照我国开展森林火灾应急医学救援现状,提出建议。结果 我国森林火灾应急医学救援面临保障需求大、地理地形条件复杂、野外应急装备性能要求高、未出台统一的医学应急预案等问题,从加强对森林火灾伤病情的研究,完善森林火灾应急医学救援装备与药品的编配,加快森林火灾应急医学救援物联网信息化建设,开展培训与演练,提高应急响应综合能力等方面对我们森林火灾应急医学救援组织与管理提出建议。结论 借鉴国外森林火灾应急医学救援管理与实施特点的同时,完善我国关于森林火灾应急医学救援的研究,对提高我国森林火灾应急医学救援能力,保障居民及消防灭火人员生命健康安全具有重要的积极意义。

Objective To explore the characteristics and experiences of emergency medical rescue organizations for forest fires at home and abroad,and provide reference for improving the management and implementation strategies of emergency medical rescue for forest fires in China.Methods Through literature analysis,this study summarized the characteristics of emergency medical rescue organizations implemented by relevant foreign institutions to effectively respond to forest fire injuries,compared the current situation of emergency medical rescue in forest fires in China,and puts forward suggestions.Results China 's forest fire emergency medical rescue is facing problems such as large demand for support,complex geographical and topographic conditions,high performance requirements for field emergency equipment,and lack of unified medical emergency plans.suggestions were put forward for the organization and management of emergency medical rescue in forest fires,including strengthening research on forest fire injuries,improving the allocation of emergency medical rescue equipment and drugs,accelerating the construction of IoT information technology for forest fire emergency medical rescue,conducting training and drills,and improving comprehensive emergency response capabilities.Conclusion Drawing on the management and implementation characteristics of forest fire emergency medical rescue in foreign countries,while improving research on forest fire emergency medical rescue in China,it is of great positive significance to improve China's forest fire emergency medical rescue capabilities and more efficiently ensure the health and safety of residents and firefighters.