少子老龄化背景下日韩老年劳动者职业健康对策与启示

Occupational health strategies and insights for elderly workers in Japan and South Korea in the context of declining birth rates and aging populations

我国人口老龄化规模大、程度深、速度快,同时少子化趋势不断加剧,预计到2030年将正式迈入超老龄化社会。随着人口红利的逐渐减弱,劳动年龄人口规模缩小且日益老龄化,老年劳动力逐渐成为一项潜在重要资源。日本和韩国在促进老年劳动力健康就业和职业卫生服务方面积累了丰富的经验,我们有必要深入思考并采取相应措施。本文对中国、日本和韩国的老龄化就业现状进行比较分析,发现日韩两国在健康就业政策、老年人职业健康措施以及数字经济等方面具有一定优势。结合我国的具体情况,我们可以通过加强职业健康促进行动,优化就业结构,运用人工智能等新技术,推动积极老龄化,确保老年劳动力资源的可持续发展,稳步提升综合国力,以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要。

China has a large,advanced,and rapidly aging population,coupled with a trend of decreasing birth rates that is exacerbating the issue of an aging society.It is expected that by 2030,China will become a hyper-aged society.As the demographic dividend gradually diminishes,the working-age population is shrinking in size and becoming increasingly older,making elderly labor force an important resource.Japan and South Korea have accumulated rich experience in promoting the healthy employment and occupational health services for the elderly workforce.It is necessary for China to thoroughly consider the issue and implement corresponding measures.This article compared and analyzed the current employment situation of aging populations in China,Japan,and South Korea,revealing that Japan and South Korea presented certain advantages in healthy employment policies,occupational health measures for the elderly,and digital economy.Taking into account the circumstances in China,we can further strengthen occupational health promotion activities,optimize employment structure,utilize new technologies such as artificial intelligence,promote active aging,ensure the sustainable development of elderly labor force resources,steadily enhance comprehensive national strength,and meet the increasing demand for better quality of life among the people.