不同剂量右美托咪定在学龄前儿童龋齿矫治中的应用效果

Application effect of different doses of Dexmedetomidine in the correction and treatment of dental caries in preschool children

目的探讨不同剂量右美托咪定在学龄前儿童龋齿矫治中的应用效果。方法选取于同济大学附属东方医院胶州医院行龋齿矫治的60例学龄前儿童作为研究对象,2023年1月至5月收治的为对照组(n=30),2023年6月至10月收治的为试验组(n=30)。两组均滴鼻给药,对照组采用低剂量右美托咪定(0.5μg/kg)麻醉,试验组采用高剂量右美托咪定(1μg/kg)麻醉。比较两组血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))、心率、收缩压、Ramsay镇静评分及不良反应发生情况。结果两组给药前、给药后SpO_(2)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。试验组插管前(T1)、插管后的心率均高于对照组,插管后15min(T3)、拔管时(T4)的心率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组T1、T3、T4的收缩压均低于对照组(P<0.05)。给药前,两组Ramsay镇静评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后15、30min,两组Ramsay镇静评分均较给药前升高,且试验组Ramsay镇静评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在学龄前儿童龋齿矫治中应用1μg/kg剂量右美托咪定的镇静效果优于应用0.5μg/kg,建议临床推广使用。

Objective To investigate the application effect of different doses of Dexmedetomidine in the correction and treatment of dental caries in preschool children.Methods A total of 60 preschool children who came to Jiaozhou Hospital,East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University for the correction and treatment of dental caries were selected as the study objects.The preschool children who underwent the correction and treatment of dental caries from January to May 2023 were selected as the control group(n=30),and the preschool children who underwent the correction and treatment of dental caries from June to October 2023 were selected as the experimental group(n=30).Both groups were given nasal drops,the control group received low-dose Dexmedetomidine(0.5μg/kg),and the experimental group received high-dose of Dexmedetomidine(1μg/kg).The oxygen saturation of blood(SpO_(2)),heart rate,systolic blood pressure,Ramsay sedation score,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results Before and after administration,there was no statistically significant difference in SpO_(2) between the two groups(P>0.05).The heart rate of the experimental group before intubation(T1)and after intubation was higher than that of the control group,while the heart rate at 15 minutes after intubation(T3)and extubation(T4)was lower than that of the controlgroup(P<0.05).The systolic blood pressure of the experimental group in T1,T3,and T4 was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the Ramsay sedation score between the two groups before administration(P>0.05).At 15 and 30 minutes after surgery,the Ramsay sedation scores in both groups increased compared with before administration,and the Ramsay sedation score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The sedative effect of 1μg/kg dose of Dexmedetomidine is better than that of 0.5μg/kg dose in the correction and treatment of dental caries in preschool children,and is recommended to be promoted in clinical use.