丹江口水库管理现状分析与对策建议

Analysis and countermeasures of current status of the Danjiangkou Reservoir management

丹江口水库是南水北调中线工程水源地,切实维护南水北调工程安全、供水安全、水质安全,需要提高丹江口水库管理保护能力。在用水需求逐渐增加、来水不确定性增强以及引汉济渭、鄂北水资源配置工程投运等形势下,水源地流域内外供水能力受到考验。在总结法律法规、管理机制、库区管理实践三方面成效基础上,梳理库区管理当前存在的法规体系协调适用度不足、体制机制亟待优化、长效保障机制尚未建立、监测监控网络尚不健全、技术储备欠缺等问题。探究问题原因及根源,结合新形势新要求以及丹江口水库的战略定位,提出尽快修订完善《南水北调工程供用水管理条例》等相关法规、创新汉江流域协同管理体制机制、建立丹江口水源地保护补偿与投入长效机制、打造数字孪生丹江口水源地监管平台、提升水源地保护与利用科技支撑能力等对策建议,为促进丹江口水库高质量发展提供参考。

The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the water source of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.In order to safeguard infrastructures,water supply and water quality,the capability of reservoir management and protection needs to be enhanced.Under the increasing demand of water,uncertainty related to incoming water,and operation of other water diversion projects such as diverting Han River to Wei River and water allocation to northern Hubei,the capacity of water supply shall be out to the test.By summarizing achievements in legislation and regulation,management mechanism and reservoir area management,current issues are examined,such as poor adaptability of the regulatory system,ineffective institutional mechanism,lacking of long-term guarantee mechanism,incomplete monitoring network and weakness in technical strength.Measures and suggestions are proposed,including revision and improvement of relevant regulations such as“Regulations on Management of Water Supply and Utilization of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project”,innovation for collaborative management mechanism of the Han River Basin,establishment of a long-term mechanism for compensation and investment to protect the water source,creation of a digital twin Danjiangkou water source supervision platform and enhancement of scientific and technological support capabilities for water source protection and utilization,with consideration to the reason and root causes of the problem,new situation and requirements,as well as strategic positioning of the Danjiangkou Reservoir,in order to provide reference for promoting high-quality development of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.