潜堤、挡板式透空堤组合结构合理性及消浪特性研究

Rationality and wave dissipation characteristics of combination structure of submerged breakwater and baffle-type permeable breakwater

随着港口及泊位向深海迈进,传统实体防波堤造价高且透水性差等问题愈发突显。结合大潮差海域港口的透水与消浪需求,提出一种潜堤与挡板式透空堤组合消浪结构,以兼顾高、低潮位下的消浪效率。波浪与单独潜堤或挡板式透空堤的相互作用已有相关研究与应用,然而在国内外尚无组合使用的先例,针对这方面的研究也相对欠缺。通过波浪物理模型试验等手段,首先针对波浪经过潜堤时非线性效应带来的能量谱改变开展研究,并对比单独潜堤、单独挡板式透空堤与组合式防波堤的消浪性能,验证了组合式防波堤的合理性;然后,针对不同工况下潜堤及挡板式透空堤组合结构的消浪特性开展试验,并结合数值计算提出组合式防波堤间距选取建议。相关结论可为此类工程设计及应用提供依据。

As ports and berths move deeper into the ocean,the problems of high cost and poor water permeability of traditional physical breakwaters become increasingly prominent.Combining the requirements of water permeability and wave dissipation in ports with large tidal range,a wave dissipation structure combining submerged breakwaters and baffle-type permeable breakwaters is proposed to achieve both high and low water level wave dissipation efficiency.There have been studies on the interaction between waves and individual submerged breakwaters or baffle-type permeable breakwaters,but there has been no precedent for their combined use at home and abroad,and there is a relative lack of research in this area.Through physical model experiments,this paper first studies the changes in energy spectrum caused by nonlinear effects when waves pass through submerged breakwater,and compares the wave dissipation performance of individual submerged breakwater,individual baffle-type permeable breakwaters,and combined breakwaters to further verify the rationality of the combined breakwater.Then,the wave dissipation characteristics of submerged breakwaters and baffle-type permeable breakwaters under different conditions are studied,and suggestions for selecting the spacing of combined breakwaters are proposed based on numerical calculations.The relevant conclusions can provide a basis for the design and application of such projects.