微生物发酵富硒及其产物生物活性研究进展

Research progress on selenium enrichment by microbial fermentation and the bioactivity of products

硒是机体健康必不可少的微量元素,同时也是多种酶的重要组分。自然界中硒分为有机硒和无机硒两大类,通过硒转化,硒在生物体内以硒蛋白、硒多糖、硒核酸等形式存在,且具有抗氧化、抗炎症、调节免疫、保护脏器等多方面的生物学功能。通过微生物发酵富硒,可使微生物体内硒含量和硒转化率得到有效的提升。该文综述了微生物发酵富硒过程中发酵方式、微生物种类、硒的形态转化和发酵富硒产物的生物活性等研究进展,旨在为微生物发酵富硒的研究开发和应用提供理论依据。

Selenium is an essential trace element for body health,as well as an important component of many enzymes.In nature,selenium is divided into two categories:organic selenium and inorganic selenium.Through selenium conversion,selenium exists in organisms in the form of selenoprotein,selenopolysaccharide,selenonucleic acid,etc.,which has many biological functions such as anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,immune regulation,and organ protection.Selenium enrichment by microbial fermentation can effectively enhance the selenium content and selenium conversion rate in microorganisms.This paper summarized the research progress of microbial fermentation for selenium enrichment in terms of fermentation methods,microbial species,the selenium transformation,and biological activity of fermented selenium-enriched products,aiming to provide theoretical basis for the research,development,and application of microbial fermentation for selenium enrichment.