政策工具视角下我国“双碳”政策研究——基于中央层面政策文本的分析

On China’s“Dual Carbon”Policy from the Perspective of Policy Tools——An Analysis Based on Policy Texts at the Central Level

“双碳”政策是实现我国碳达峰、碳中和目标的关键和抓手,以我国2020—2024年中央层面的48份“双碳”政策文本为研究对象,通过构建“政策文本内容—政策文本属性—政策主题特征”三维分析框架,运用政策计量法、内容分析法进行分析。研究发现,在政策文本内容维度,存在政策工具使用不均衡,供给型政策工具使用不足、环境型政策工具使用过溢、需求型政策工具使用短缺;在政策文本属性维度,存在政策颁布主体单一、政策文本效力不足;在政策主题特征维度,政策文本适配度较低、政策力度有待增强。基于此,提出促进政策工具结构合理,强化政策主体协同,增强政策适用等建议,以进一步优化我国“双碳”政策体系。

The“dual carbon”policy is the key mechanism for China’s achieving its carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals.Taking 48 central level“dual carbon”policy texts from 2020 to 2024 as the research object,this paper constructs a three-dimensional analysis framework of“policy text content-policy text attributes-policy theme characteristics”.And policy econometric and content analysis methods are used for analysis.The research finds that in the dimension of policy text content,there is an imbalance in the use of policy tools,with insufficient use of supply oriented policy tools,excessive use of environmental policy tools,and insufficient use of demand oriented policy tools;in the dimension of policy text attributes,there is a limited subject for policy issuing,with insufficient effectiveness of policy texts;in the dimension of policy theme characteristics,the adaptability of policy texts is relatively low,and policy intensity needs to be enhanced.On the basis of the findings above,some suggestions are put forward,such as promoting...,strengthening...,and enhancing...the reasonable structure of policy tools,strengthen the coordination of policy subjects,and enhance the application of policies,so as to further optimize China’s“dual carbon”policy system.