古典修辞学视角下国家形象建构研究——以外交发言元话语分析为例

A Study of National Image Construction from the Perspective of Classical Rhetoric——Taking Metadiscourse Analysis of Diplomatic Speech as an Example

外交活动架起了中国联通世界的桥梁,发言人肩负着阐释中国政策和增进文明交流的责任,独特的身份属性促使发言人的形象成为国家形象的映射。元话语有利于增强外交话语的解释力、传播力和影响力,成为建构国家形象的重要力量。基于古典修辞学理论,从外交部网站选取2021—2023年以来的35篇外交发言样本进行分析,研究发现,元话语通过诉诸理性、人品、情感策略实现了“达意”“传情”和“互动”的外交目的,对塑造良好国家形象发挥了重要作用。

Diplomatic activities set up a bridge between China and the world,whereas the spokesperson shoulders the responsibility of explaining China’s policies and promoting civilization exchanges.The unique identity attributes make the spokesperson’s image a reflection of the national image.Metadiscourse can enhance the explanatory power,dissemination power,and infulence of diplomatic discourse,therefore becoming an important force in constructing national image.On the basis of on classical rhetoric theory,35 diplomatic speeches from 2021 to 2023 are selected from the website of Ministry of Foreign Affairs for analysis.It is found that metadiscourse realizes the diplomatic purposes of“expressing meaning”,“conveying feelings”and“interacting”by resorting to logos,ethos,and pathos,which is also significant for shaping positive national images.