近代中国财政学话语权构建的探索

Exploration on the Construction of Discourse Power in Modern Chinese Fiscal Studies

学科话语权是学科生产力、创新力、传播力与应用力的统一体,是国家文化自信的重要组成部分,也是人类一般问题解释的软权利。文章以近代中国财政学科话语权构建为研究对象,分析了近代国人对中国财政学科话语权构建的探索历程。研究发现:近代中国大批财政学论著先后问世,学科生产力明显提升,但大部分论著的创新力、传播力与应用力却相对有限。陈焕章所著《孔门理财学》尝试突破这一局限,该著基于中国儒家的经典学说,利用西方经济学的分析方法和术语表达,综合利用归纳法、演绎法与历史分析法等方法,从生产和分配等现代财政学视野,探究了人类社会的起源与进化,分析了政府活动的一般通则,并指出了人类一般行为准则。该著从人类、国家和个体三个层次构建了适用于人类文明一般规律的理论体系,引起了凯恩斯等人的关注,部分内容甚至被美国借鉴,具有较强的创新力、传播力与应用力。这表明中国智慧完全有可能提炼成具有世界一般规律的学说,启示未来中国财政学科研究需要深入挖掘本土智慧,推动中西文化交流互鉴与学术融合,构建一个既能解释和指导中国特色的财政治理实践,又能涵盖人类社会一般规律的财政理论体系,以提出解决人类问题的中国方案,提升中国财政学话语权。

Fiscal is the foundation and important pillar of national governance.In view of this,the academic community attempts to explain from different theoretical perspectives the issues of“how to govern”and“how to be intelligent”in contemporary Chinese fiscal studies.However,it is somewhat regrettable that few scholars have paid attention to the construction of discourse power in this field.Not only does it lead to the possibility of national governance being dependent on dominant Western fiscal theories,but more importantly,without forming its own discourse power,it is difficult to effectively express China’s position and views on the international stage.This paper specifically addresses the construction of discourse power in modern Chinese fiscal studies,delving into the exploratory efforts of modern Chinese scholars in this domain.The study finds that a large number of fiscal treatises have been published in modern China,and the productivity of the discipline has significantly improved,but the innovation,dissemination,and application of most of the treatises are relatively limited.Chen Huanzhang’s“The Economic Principles of Confucius and His School”attempts to break through this limitation.Based on the classic theories of Confucianism in China,and utilizing the analytical methods and terminology of Western economics,this work explores the origin and evolution of human society,analyzes the general principles of government activities,and points out the general principles of human behavior from the perspective of modern fiscal studies such as production and distribution.It constructs a theoretical system applicable to the general laws of human civilization,and some of its content has even been borrowed by the United States.This indicates that Chinese wisdom has the potential to condense into the theory of general laws of the world,inspiring future research on Chinese fiscal studies to deeply explore local wisdom,promote cultural exchange and academic integration between China and the West,and build a fiscal theory system that can not only explain and guide fiscal governance practices with Chinese characteristics,but also cover general laws of human society.The contribution of this paper is to analyze the construction of discourse power in Chinese fiscal studies,which lacks attention from the academic community.This paper clearly elaborates on the manifestations and feasible paths of obtaining discourse power in fiscal studies,especially through the case study of“The Economic Principles of Confucius and His School”,which provides solid historical evidence for the excavation of local wisdom and the construction of independent knowledge system in China.It also proves that in order for contemporary Chinese fiscal studies to gain discourse power on the international stage,they should also pay attention to the condensation of their own wisdom while absorbing global knowledge.