农业机械自动驾驶技术发展现状与未来趋势

Development Status and Future Trends of Agricultural Machinery Automatic Driving Technology

随着导航定位、环境感知、自动控制等技术的不断进步,自动驾驶技术发展迅速并逐渐应用到农业机械化生产中。本文通过介绍农业机械自动驾驶系统整体架构及工作原理,归纳农机自动驾驶系统所涉及的高精度定位、环境感知、路径规划与跟踪控制、转向控制等关键技术的特点及研究现状,总结自动驾驶农机的应用场景,分析在关键技术、标准制定以及推广应用等方面的挑战。针对这些问题,提出了多传感器融合、路径跟踪算法优化、标准体系建设等方面的改进建议,以推动农业自动驾驶技术的进一步发展。

With the continuous progress of navigation and positioning,environment perception,automatic control and other technologies,automatic driving technology is developing rapidly and gradually applied to agricultural machinery designed and produced.This paper introduces the overall architecture and working principle of agricultural machinery automatic driving system,summarizes the characteristics and research status of the key technologies involved in agricultural machinery automatic driving system,such as high-precision positioning,environment perception,path planning and tracking control,steering control,etc.It also summarizes the application scenarios of automatic driving agricultural machinery,and analyzes the challenges of the key technologies,standardization and promotion of application.In response to these problems,improvement suggestions are put forward in terms of multi-sensor fusion,path tracking algorithm optimization,and standard system construction,in order to promote the further development of agricultural automatic driving technology.