美国涉北极地区的情报工作:政策背景、实施路径和保障体系

U.S.Intelligence Work in the Arctic:Policy Background,Implementation Path and Support System

[研究目的]北极地区已成为全球关注的重点和大国竞争的舞台,美国兼具全球霸主和北极国家双重身份,研究其北极地区情报工作的建设和进展,为我国今后北极事务的开展提供借鉴。[研究方法]通过对美国官方发布的北极战略文件和相关媒体的报道进行分析,阐明其涉北极情报工作的宏观政策背景和具体实施路径。[研究结论]美国已将北极地区纳入其战略竞争框架,情报工作将发挥重要支撑作用。美国以“北极态势感知”为核心理念和建设目标,通过北极态势觉察、北极态势理解、北极态势预测三个子系统推动情报工作开展。同时,在情报工作的保障体系上,美国将从基础建设、运行机制和国际合作三个方面助推北极地区情报工作。为更好应对北极地区的竞争和博弈,我国应重视北极地区情报价值,对内提高能力建设,对外加强信息交流,以此推动中国特色的北极战略部署。

[Research purpose]The Arctic region has become a focal point of global attention and a stage for great power competition.As both a global hegemon and an Arctic nation,the United States'intelligence work in the Arctic region provides valuable insights for China's future Arctic endeavors.[Research method]By analyzing the Arctic strategic documents officially released by the United States and related media reports,this study elucidates the macro policy background and specific implementation pathways of its Arctic intelligence work.[Research conclusion]The United States has incorporated the Arctic region into its strategic competition framework,with intelligence work playing a crucial supportive role.The United States takes"Arctic domain awareness"as its core concept and construction goal,and promotes intelligence work through three subsystems:Arctic domain perception,Arctic domain comprehension,and Arctic domain projection.At the same time,in terms of the support system of intelligence work,the United States will promote intelligence work in the Arctic region through three aspects:infrastructure development,operational mechanisms and international cooperation.In order to better cope with the competition and rivalry in the Arctic region,China should attach importance to the intelligence value of the Arctic region,enhance capacity building domestically,and strengthen information exchange internationally,so as to promote the Arctic strategic deployment with Chinese characteristics.