入库案例遴选标准的二阶构造

On the Two-level Criteria for Selecting Cases Admitted to the Case Database of the People's Court

人民法院案例库的设计功能主要是通过规范案例编发,向法官提供裁判决策参考和释法说理样本,同时普及法律、弘扬社会主流价值并助力法学实证研究。为确保案例库功能的有效发挥,入库案例应当掌握严格的遴选标准。最高人民法院对入库案例遴选标准的规定较为抽象,需要对其进行细化阐释,形成一套客观、规范、可量化的评价标准和方法,提升案例报送、遴选的精准性和协同性。入库案例遴选标准可设定为两个层级,一是“可参考性标准”,包括案例裁判要旨应当能够较为直观地体现裁判理念,供应具有类案参照价值的裁判规则、裁判方法;二是“可示范性标准”,包括案例应当具备典型性、疑难性、新颖性的特质,排除错判和负面舆情风险,裁判结论要最大限度实现“三个效果统一”并符合社会主义核心价值观。

The designed functions of Case Database of the People's Court primarily are,by standardizing the compilation and issuance of cases,to provide judges with references for judicial decision-making and samples of legal interpretation and reasoning,at the same time,to disseminate laws,to promote mainstream social values,and to contribute to the empirical research into the law.To ensure the effective play of the functions of the case database,admitted cases must meet strict criteria of selection.The current criteria of selection formulated by the Supreme People's Court are relatively abstract,necessitating a detailed elaboration to form a set of objective,standardized,and quantifiable evaluation standards and methods,thus enhancing the precision and coordination of cases submitted and selected.The criteria of selecting cases admitted to the database may be established as two levels.The first level is the"Referential Criterion",according to which,the gist of the judgment of an admitted case should be able to reflect the judicial idea in a relatively direct manner,supply judicial rules and methods with reference value for similar cases.The second level is the"demonstrative criteria",according to which,the admitted cases should possess characteristics of typicality,difficulty and novelty and avoid risks of wrongful judgment and negative public sentiment,and the adjudicative conclusions should achieve"three effects at the same time"to the greatest extent and stick to the core values of socialism.