基于医疗机构开展社工专业学生短期实习带教的调查与思考

Investigation and Thinking for Short-Term Internship of Social Work Students Based on Medical Institutions

目的本研究通过对社会工作专业实习生和带教老师的调查和访谈,探讨在医院短期实习(3个月之内)带教中,可能面临的困难,提出应对的策略。方法采取随机数字表方法,对社工实习基地复旦大学附属华山医院静安分院2014年9月—2021年7月的22名实习生进行问卷调查和定性访谈,对3名带教老师进行定性访谈,总结带教工作中的困境。结果调查的22名实习同学中,男9人,占40.90%,女13人,占59.10%;年龄19~23岁,平均(20.18±0.18)岁;年级方面,大二5人,大三16人,大四1人,大二和大三总占比95.45%;籍贯涵盖上海、江苏、湖南等9个省市;有社会经历的20人,共占91%,社会经历均数3次,最多的6次;累计实习时长,最长的为3个月,最短的是3周;短期实习中,主要存在社会工作专业定位模糊,知晓度和认可度不够广泛,实习目标不明确,带教老师专业知识和技能不足,带教过程缺乏有效的反馈和评估机制。结论本研究发现,针对这些困境,结合复旦大学附属华山医院静安分院的实际情况,社工专业学生在医疗机构进行短期实习,医院需要加大社会工作的宣传,做好带教前期准备工作,共同确定带教目标,探索创新教学方法,定期进行实习评估和有效反馈,建立督导机制。

Objective This study investigates and interviews interns and teaching teachers in the field of social work,explores the difficulties that may be encountered during short-term internships(within 3 months)in hospitals,and proposes strategies to address them.Methods The questionnaire survey and qualitative interviews were conducted on 22 interns from social work internship base Fudan University Affiliated Huashan Hospital Jing'an Branch from September 2014 to July 2021,as well as qualitative interviews with 3 teaching teachers,to summarize the difficulties in teaching work by adopting a random number table method.Results Among the 22 students surveyed,9 were males,accounting for 40.90%,and 13 were females,accounting for 59.10%.The average age was 20 years old,with a maximum of 23 years old and a minimum of 19 years old.In terms of grade,there were 5 students in the second year,16 students in the third year,1 student in the fourth year,and 95.45%in the second and third years.Native place involved 9 provinces and cities,including Shanghai,Jiangsu,and Hunan;20 students had social experience,accounting for a total of 91%,with an average of 3 social experiences and the highest of 6.Accumulated internship duration,with a maximum of 3 months and a minimum of 3 weeks.In short-term internships,there were mainly vague positioning of social work majors,and the awareness and recognition of social work majors by medical personnel,patients,and others were not widespread and in-depth enough.The internship time was limited,the internship objectives were not clear,the professional knowledge and skills of the teaching teachers were insufficient,and the teaching effectiveness could not meet the needs of the interns.The teaching process lacked an effective feedback and evaluation mechanism,which prevented timely communication and follow-up,and the ability to transform theory into practice was not improved enough.Conclusion This study found that in view of these difficulties,combined with the actual situation of Jing'an Branch of Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University,social work students conduct short-term internships in medical institutions.The hospital needs to increase the publicity of social work,do a good job in the preparation of teaching,jointly determine the teaching objectives,explore innovative teaching methods,regularly conduct internship evaluation and effective feedback,and establish a supervision mechanism.