公共数据开放利用与授权运营:内涵、模式与机制方法

Public Data Open and Authorized Operation:Connotation,Models,Mechanism and Methods

本文在公共数据开发利用的统一框架下,首先对内部共享、开放利用和授权运营三种价值释放途径的关系和边界进行界定,初步提出公共数据社会化开发利用的基本分析框架,并从目标、理念、构成要件和核心内容等维度进行了阐述。然后,对公共数据开放和授权运营的主要模式进行了剖析,其中开放主要有无条件开放、有条件开放和引导社会数据开放三种模式,授权运营基于不同的视角有不同的模式,不同模式各有利弊,关键是要契合本地区本行业实际情况。最后,聚焦确权授权、流通定价和收益分配等基础性关键问题,探讨了确权授权的内涵和机制方法,提出了流通定价的四种模式及适用场景,构建了收益分配的基本分析框架和机制方法。

Initially,this paper clarifies the relationship and boundaries between internal sharing,data open,and authorized operation as three pathways for value release within the unified framework of public data utilization. It preliminarily proposes a basic analytical framework for public data authorized operation and elaborates on its objectives,philosophy,constituent elements,and core content. Subsequently,this paper dissects the main models for the socialized development and use of public data. The data open primarily includes unconditional opening,conditional opening,and the promotion of social data opening. The authorized operation has different models based on various perspectives,each with its advantages and disadvantages,and it is crucial to align with the actual situation of the local region and industry. Lastly,the paper focuses on fundamental and critical issues such as rights confirmation,circulation pricing,and profit distribution. It discusses the connotation and mechanism methods of rights confirmation,proposes four models of circulation pricing and their applicable scenarios,and constructs a basic analytical framework and mechanism methods for profit distribution.