免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎的诊治进展

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis

随着现代医学的飞速发展,免疫治疗成为继放疗、化疗等传统治疗方式之后,一种新兴的肿瘤治疗手段,为多种肿瘤的治疗开辟了新的途径。然而,随着免疫治疗的广泛应用,免疫检查点抑制剂相关的不良事件逐渐增多,免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎便是其中一种发病率低、具有潜在致死性、缺乏特异性临床表现、临床诊断困难的不良事件。本文拟综述免疫检查点抑制剂相关肺炎的流行病学、发病机制、危险因素、临床表现、诊断及治疗的研究进展,为临床早期诊断和治疗提供参考。

With the rapid advancements of modern medicine,immunotherapy is now being used to treat a variety of tumors,providing a new treatment option beyond conventional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation.Nonetheless,with the widespread use of immunotherapy,there has been a gradual increase in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events.One such adverse event is immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis(CIP).It has low incidence,potential lethality,a lack of specific clinical manifestations,and difficulties in clinical diagnosis.In this article,we hope to offer a useful resource for the prompt diagnosis and efficient treatment of CIP by providing a thorough review of the latest research findings on the epidemiology,pathophysiology,risk factors,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatment of CIP.