摘要
Carbon dots(CDs),a type of nanoparticle with excellent optical properties,good biocompatibility,and small size,are finding increasing application across the fields of biology and biomedicine.In recent years,biomass-derived CDs with pharmacological activity(BP-CDs)derived from herbal medicines(HMs),HMs extracts and other natural products with demonstrated pharmaceutical activity have attracted particular attention.Herein,we review recent advances in the development of BP-CDs,covering the selection of biomass precursors,different methods used for the synthesis of BP-CDs from natural sources,and the purification of BP-CDs.Additionally,we summarize the many remarkable properties of BP-CDs including optical properties,biocompatibility and pharmaceutical efficacy.Moreover,the antibacterial,antiviral,anticancer,biosensing,bioimaging,and other applications of BP-CDs are reviewed.Thereafter,we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of BP-CDs and Western drug-derived CDs,highlighting the excellent performance of BP-CDs.Finally,based on the current state of research on BP-CDs,we suggest several aspects of BP-CDs that urgently need to be addressed and identify directions that should be pursued in the future.This comprehensive review on BP-CDs is expected to guide the precise design,preparation,and future development of BP-CDs,thereby advancing the application of BP-CDs in biomedicine.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122308)。
