安大简《诗》同篇与同简之同词异字现象

Different Characters for the Same Words within the Same Document or on the Same Bamboo Slip in the Anda Bamboo Slips of Shi(《诗》)

同篇文献或同一支简内同词异字的现象,在楚简中比较常见,同时,由于其所处语境范围较小而具有一定的特殊性。安大简《诗》中亦存在着大量同篇或同简的同词异字现象,这些异字之间多为通假、异体关系。先秦时期文字体系不规范、字词对应关系不稳定,是造成同词异字现象的根本原因。书写也是形成同词异字现象的重要原因,包括听写或默写、避复、抄手、多次传抄等因素。对同篇或同简同词异字现象进行研究,不仅能够深化对字词关系的认识,也有助于了解古书的形成与传抄流传。

The phenomenon of different characters representing the same word within the same document or on the same bamboo slip is relatively common in Chu bamboo slips,and due to the limited context,it shows a certain degree of specificity.Shi(《诗》)of the Anda Bamboo manuscripts also exhibits numerous instances of such phenomena,where the different characters represent variants or borrowed graphs.The fundamental cause of this phenomenon lies in the unregulated writing system and unstable word-character correspondences during the Pre-Qin period.Writing itself is also a significant factor contributing to this phenomenon,including factors such as dictation or writing from memory,avoidance of repetition,copying by different hands,and multiple transmissions through copying.Studying the phenomenon of different characters for the same word within the same document or on the same bamboo slip not only deepens our understanding of the relationship between words and characters but also helps to understand the formation,transmission,and circulation of ancient texts.