环境责令改正的类型化分析与制度调适

Typological Analysis and Institutional Adjustment of Environmental Orders for Correction

我国环境法治实践中存有大量责令改正的行政行为,其法律性质始终众说纷纭。经考察发现,环境责令改正存在立法模糊不清、适用混乱等现实问题。为充分发挥环境责令改正的制度价值,需以类型理论提炼环境责令改正的“中心价值”与基本要素,重塑法理基石,通过对环境责令改正的类型化,实现从模糊的“环境行政处理”向独立类型的行政行为的转向。具体可以通过规范环境责令改正的立法表达形式、表达结构和适用程序,改善环境责令改正的执法方式,实现环境责令改正的制度完善。

There is a large amount of administrative actions of remediation obligations in the practice of environmental rule of law in China,and its legal nature has always been controversial.After investigation,it was found that there are practical problems such as legislative ambiguity and confusion in the application of environmental orders for correction.In order to fully realize the institutional value of environmental order to make corrections,it is necessary to extract the“central value”and basic elements of environmental order to make corrections through typological theory,reshape the legal foundation,and achieve a shift from vague“environmental administrative treatment”to independent types of administrative actions.This can be achieved by standardizing the legislative expression form,expression structure,and application procedures of environmental order to make corrections,improving the enforcement methods of environmental order to make corrections,and realizing the improvement of the institutional framework for environmental order to make corrections.