单克隆抗体制备技术的研究现状

Research Advances of Monoclonal Antibody Production Technologies

单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody,mAb)作为一种有效的生物制剂,广泛应用于疾病的诊断和防治中。为解决传统的mAb制备技术存在制备周期长抗体亲和力低等弊端,科研人员在传统杂交瘤技术基础上研发了抗体展示技术、嵌合抗体技术和转基因小鼠技术及单个B细胞技术等抗体制备新策略,从而使mAb制备技术得到较快发展。从应用广泛的mAb制备新技术研究进展出发,对这些技术的原理、优缺点及其在新发和重大传染病防治中的应用现状和前景进行概述,旨在为mAb制备技术研究和疫病防控提供理论参考。

Monoclonal antibodies(mAb)are effective biopharmaceuticals widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.In order to solve the drawbacks of the traditional mAb preparation platform such as long production cycles and low affinity of antibodies,researchers have developed novel antibody preparation technologies based on traditional hybridoma techniques,including antibody display,chimeric antibody,transgenic mouse and single B cell preparation,which have greatly accelerated the development of mAb preparation techniques.The principles,advantages and disadvantages of novel antibody preparation technologies,as well as their application status and prospects in the prevention and treatment of emerging and devasting infectious diseases were summarized,aiming to provide some theoretical references for the research of mAb production technologies and disease prevention and control.