水产品中过敏原检测的研究进展

Research Progress of Allergen Detection in Aquatic Products

食物过敏是机体免疫系统对某些食物的异常反应,在世界范围内引起了广泛关注.食物过敏通常是由免疫球蛋白E或免疫细胞介导的.食品中所包含的致敏蛋白(过敏原)是导致食物过敏的主要因素之一,对过敏原的检测和鉴定对于确保食品安全至关重要.水产品作为人类重要的蛋白质来源,是人们日常饮食中不可或缺的一部分,对水产品中过敏原的检测非常必要.本综述简述了近年来鱼类和贝类等水产品中过敏原检测的研究进展,对常见的过敏原、过敏原检测方法和技术、当前研究中存在的挑战及未来的发展趋势进行了总结和展望.目前,食品中常见过敏原的检测方法依然存在检测效率和准确性低、成本昂贵等局限性,将不同技术方法相结合,建立高效、准确、低成本的过敏原检测方法仍是该研究领域发展的重要趋势.

Food allergy is an abnormal reaction of the body's immune system to certain foods.It is a health problem that has gained widespread attention around the world.Food allergies commonly occur as a result of the immune system's response to specific foods,often mediated by immunoglobulin E or immune cells.Allergens play a key role in triggering these reactions,underscoring the importance of detecting and identifying allergens to maintain food safety.As an important source of protein,aquatic products are an indispensable part of people's daily diet,the detection of allergens in aquatic products is highly necessary.This review briefly describes the research progress of allergen detection in aquatic products such as fish and shellfish in recent years,and summarizes common allergens,detection methods and technologies,as well as challenges in current research and future development trends.At present,the detection methods for common food allergens currently face challenges,including limitations associated with low detection efficiency,reduced accuracy and high overall costs.These constraints underscore the need for ongoing research and innovation in this area to address these shortcomings.Combining different technical methods to establish efficient,accurate and low-cost allergen detection methods is still an important aspect in the development of this research field.