人口下降背景下乡村教师队伍建设的攻坚难点与政策应对--以东北地区为例

Challenges and Policy Responses in Rural Teachers Group Construction under the Background of Population Decline:Case Study from Northeastern China

建设一支优质的教师队伍对教育强国建设尤为重要。学龄人口变动对师资配置产生系统性影响。按照人口的变动趋势,未来将会有越来越多的地区呈现东北地区学龄人口的分布样态,研究东北地区的乡村教师队伍建设具有重要的借鉴价值。随着人口持续下降,东北地区教师队伍建设面临队伍结构难以优化、岗位吸引力难以提升和师资供需难以调配等攻坚难点。东北地区纵深推进教师队伍建设受诸多因素限制,包括学龄人口分布稀疏降低师资配置效率、经济发展迟缓限制教育经费投入总量、体制机制改革滞后加大教育资源统筹难度。为此,应基于外部环境的变化态势,科学测算资源调配潜力,创新教师编制流转制度,加大非货币性待遇保障力度。

Building up of high-quality teachers group is particularly important to the construction of a country with education power.The change of school-age population has a systematic impact on the allocation of teachers.According to the trend of population changes,more and more counties will show the distribution of school-age population in northeast China in the future,and it is of important reference value to study the construction of rural teachers group in northeast China.With the continuous decline of the population,the construction of teachers group in northeast China is faced with difficulties in fields,such as,optimizing the team structure,improving the attractiveness of posts and allocating the supply and demand of teachers.The construction of teachers group in northeast China is limited by many factors,including the sparse distribution of school-age population reducing the efficiency of teacher allocation,and the slow economic development limiting the total amount of education investments.The delay of reform of system and mechanism enhances difficulties to coordinate educational resources.Therefore,based on the changing situation of the external environment,we should scientifically calculate the potential of resource allocation,innovate the circulation system of teachers,and increase the guarantee of non-monetary benefits.