论使用人作为生成式人工智能作品版权归属者的根据

The Basis of the User as the Copyright Owner of Generative Artificial Intelligence Works

生成式人工智能作品具有可版权性,其版权归属问题是集计算机科学、法学、经济学于一体的跨学科研究。生成式人工智能作品的版权功能同时表现出以表达自由为依据的自由功能,以表达效率为联结的聚焦功能,以表达质量为追求的竞争功能,以数字人权为奠基的迭代功能。生成式人工智能作品独创性的判断应当采独创性主观论,其可从财产权人格理论、财产权劳动理论和财产权功利主义理论等三方面验证。生成式人工智能作品的人类独创性贡献的判断应动态看待,结合阶段划分做出类型化的解读。对于生成式人工智能作品的版权归属,算法所有人、设计者均不能成为归属者,而将使用人作为版权归属者的方案最为恰当。

Generative artificial intelligence works are eligible for copyright protection,and their copyright ownership is an interdisciplinary issue involving computer science,law,economics,and other fields.The copyright functions of generative artificial intelligence works demonstrate the freedom function based on the freedom of expression,the focus function connected by the expression of efficiency,the competitive function pursued by the quality of expression,and the iterative function based on digital human rights.The judgment of the originality of generative artificial intelligence works should adopt the subjective theory of originality,which can be verified from three perspectives:the personality theory of property rights,the labor theory of property rights,and the utilitarian theory of property rights.The judgment of human originality contribution in generative artificial intelligence works should be viewed dynamically and interpreted typologically combined by the stage division.Regarding the copyright ownership of generative artificial intelligence works,neither the algorithm owner nor the designer should be the owner,designating the user as the copyright owner is the most appropriate solution.