燃料电池密封结构粗糙表面模型应力分布研究

Stress distribution study of rough surface model of fuel cell seal structure

研究燃料电池密封结构的接触行为对燃料电池电堆的安全运行有着重要意义。基于粗糙表面接触理论,以质子交换膜燃料电池密封结构为研究对象,建立了具有表面形貌的密封垫三维模型,使用有限元软件研究了压缩率对密封结构接触行为的影响,分析了应力分布影响规律以及接触面积的变化。质子交换膜燃料电池稳定运行时的理想温度为80℃,因此研究了温度对密封结构接触行为的影响。结果表明,随着压缩率增大,密封垫的Mises应力、接触压力以及接触面积均会增大,当压缩率为12%时,密封垫应力分布最均匀;随着温度升高,密封结构的应力分布和接触面积均会增大,因此在燃料电池工作时应该避免燃料电池过热。该结果为燃料电池密封结构的设计与优化提供了参考依据。

The study of the contact behavior of fuel cell sealing structures is of great significance to the safe operation of fuel cell power reactors.Based on the rough surface contact theory and taking the sealing structure of proton exchange membrane fuel cell as the research object,a threedimensional model of the sealing gasket with surface morphology was established,and the effect of compression rate on the contact behavior of the sealing structure was investigated by using the finite element software to analyze the influence law of the stress distribution as well as the change of the contact area.The ideal temperature for stable operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is 80℃,so the effect of temperature on the contact behavior of the seal structure was studied.The results show that the Mises stress,contact pressure,and contact area of the sealing gasket increase with the increase of compression rate,and the stress distribution of the sealing gasket is the most uniform when the compression rate is 12%;the stress distribution of the sealing structure and the contact area increase with the increase of the temperature,and thus the overheating of fuel cell should be avoided during the operation of the fuel cell.The results provide a reference basis for the design and optimization of the sealing structure of the fuel cell.