2023年鹤壁市动物性水产品中常见致病性弧菌污染状况调查

Investigation of situation of usual pathogenic vibrio bacteria contamination in animal aquatic products in hebi city in 2023

目的调查河南省鹤壁市动物性水产品在养殖、销售、加工等各个环节中常见致病性弧菌的污染状况,为评价现有食源性疾病控制措施的有效性提供科学依据,为鹤壁市食品安全风险评估提供可靠的基础数据。方法依据《2023年国家食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作手册》的要求,2023年1月—2023年12月在鹤壁市养殖、销售、加工等环节随机采集动物性水产品和环境样本,每季度采样、检测四种常见致病性弧菌(副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌、霍乱弧菌、溶藻弧菌),并对检测结果进行分析。结果2023年共采集256份样本,检测出常见致病性弧菌菌株155株,检出率60.5%,霍乱弧菌、副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌和溶藻弧菌均在第三季度检出率最高,而且霍乱弧菌和副溶血性弧菌的污染状况与其他季节相比,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);四种常见致病性弧菌污染率最高的地点均在农贸菜市;四种常见致病性弧菌在不同动物性水产品和不同环境中的污染分布状况,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论夏秋季是致病性弧菌容易引起食源性疾病的季节,农贸菜市是致病性弧菌发生交叉污染和传播的高风险场所,建议市政府相关部门重视对水产品质量与安全的监督和管理,特别针对农贸菜市等高风险隐患场所重点监管,及时阻断和管控致病性弧菌引起的食源性疾病传播。

Objective Investigate the contamination status of usual Vibrio vulnificus in various stages of breeding,marketing and processing of animal aquatic products in Hebi City,to provide scientific basis for evaluating the effectiveness of existing foodborne disease control measures,and to provide reliable basic data for the risk assessment of food safety.Methods According to the requirements of the 2023 National Food Pollution and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring Manual,animal aquatic products and environmental samples would be randomly collected from the breeding,sales and processing of animal aquatic products in the circulation market of Hebi from January 2023 to December 2023.Four common pathogenic Vibrio bacteria(Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Vibrio vulnificus,Vibrio cholerae,Vibrio alginolyticus)were sampled every quarter,and the test results were analyzed and evaluated.Results A total of 256 samples were collected in 2023,and 155 usual pathogenic Vibrio strains were detected,with a detection rate of 60.5%.The detection rates of Vibrio cholerae,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio alginolyticus respectively were the highest in the third quarter,and the pollution status of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was significantly different from that of other seasons.The locations with the highest contamination rates of four usual pathogenic Vibrio bacteria were all in the farmers'vegetable market.There was no difference in the distribution of the four uaual pathogenic Vibrio bacteria in different animal aquatic products and different environments.Conclusion Pathogenic Vibrio is easy to cause foodborne diseases in summer and autumn,and the farmer's vegetable market is a high-risk place for the cross-contamination and spread of pathogenic Vibrio.Suggest that the relevant departments of the municipal government should pay attention to the supervision and management of the quality and safety of aquatic products,especially focusing on the supervision of high-risk and dangerous places such as the farmer's vegetable market,promptly interrupt and control the spread of food-borne diseases caused by pathogenic Vibrio.