本科层次职业教育课程观的重新审视——基于海德格尔存在主义技术哲学

Re-examining curriculum view of vocational education at undergraduate level:Based on the Heidegger's existentialist philosophy of technology

高质量的本科职业教育课程需以科学的课程观为指导。从海德格尔存在主义技术哲学视域出发,审视本科层次职业教育的课程目标、内容、实施及评价,提炼出四项“子观”:一是以“技术选择”为焦点的课程目标观,旨在培养学生选择技术手段解决问题的能力及技术理性的价值判断能力;二是聚焦“技术解蔽”的课程内容观,把技术知识区分为动态和静态两种类型,在增量上突出技术理论知识和分析判断知识;三是注重“技术理解”的课程实施观,要求在实施过程中注重“做中悟”,把技术知识内化和意义生成放在突出位置;四是突出“技术过程”的课程评价观,认为课程学习效果评价需遵循情境性、整体性和持续性三大原则。

The construction of high quality vocational education curriculum at undergraduate level needs the guidance of scientific curriculum view.From the perspective of Heidegger's existentialist philosophy of technology,This paper examines the curriculum objectives,curriculum content,curriculum implementation and curriculum evaluation of vocational education at the undergraduate level.Four"sub-views"are extracted:Firstly,a curriculum goal view focused on"technological selection,"aimed at cultivating students'abilities to choose technological means to solve problems and their capacity for value judgment in technological rationality;secondly,a curriculum content view centered on"technological unveiling"that differentiates technical knowledge into dynamic and static types,emphasizing the increment of theoretical technological knowledge and analytical judgment knowledge;thirdly,a curriculum implementation view that emphasizes"learning through doing,"placing significant emphasis on the internalization of technical knowledge and the generation of meaning;and fourthly,a curriculum evaluation view that highlights the"technological process,"advocating that the evaluation of learning outcomes should follow the principles of contextuality,integrity,and sustainability.