2023年山东省媒介蚊虫种群及按蚊密度监测结果分析

Analysis of sureillance results of veetor mosquito population and Anopheles density in Shandong Province in 2023

目的了解山东省媒介蚊虫的种群构成和中华按蚊密度,持续巩固山东省消除疟疾成果,为蚊虫的有效防治提供指导依据。方法于2023年6~10月在山东省11个地市的监测点采用全通宵诱蚊灯法开展媒介蚊虫种群构成及分布监测;16个地市的监测点采用双帐人饵诱捕法开展中华按蚊密度监测。结果全通宵诱蚊灯法共捕获蚊虫15166只。其中淡色库蚊8913只,白纹伊蚊1329只,中华按蚊480只,其他蚊种4444只。不同监测地区、监测环境以及监测时间的蚊种构成比之间的差异具有统计学意义(Х^(2)=217.189、5901.843、4001.594,均P<0.01)。通过人饵帐诱捕法共捕获中华按蚊278只,其中济宁捕获的中华按蚊最多,平均密度最高,共189只,平均密度为2.1只/(人·h);8月下旬中华按蚊密度达到峰值,为0.68只/(人·h)。结论淡色库蚊是山东省的优势蚊种,7~8月是中华按蚊活动的高峰期,应继续加强蚊媒监测,并适时开展防蚊、灭蚊工作。

Objective To understand the population composition of vector mosquitoes and the density of Anopheles sinensis in Shandong Province,and to consolidate the results of malaria eradication in Shandong Province,and to provide guidance for effective mosquito control.Methods From June to October 2023,mosquito population composition and distribution were monitored at 1l monitoring sites in Shandong Province by all-night mosquito traps.The density of Anopheles sinensis was monitored by double-tent human bait trapping in 16 cities.ResultsA total of 15166 mosquitoes were captured,including 8913 Culea pipiens pallens,1329 Aedes albopictus,480 Anopheles sinensis and 4444 other mosquito species.The proportion of mosquito species in different monitoring areas,monitoring environment and monitoring time was significantly different(Х^(2)=217.189,5901.843,4001.594,all P<0.01).A total of 278 Anopheles sinensis were captured by human bait trap method,among which 189 Anopheles sinensis were captured in Jining with the highest average density 2.1 mosquitoes/(person hour).The peak density of Anopheles sinensis was 0.68 mosquitoes/(person hour)in late August.Conclusion Culea pipiens pallens is the dominant mosquito species in Shandong Province.July to August is the peak period of Anopheles sinensis.Mosquito vector monitoring should continue to be strengthened,and mosquito prevention and control should be carried out in due course.