中俄跨境次区域合作助力东北全面振兴:机遇、挑战与对策

Sino-Russian Cross Border Sub-regional Cooperation Boosts Comprehensive Revitalization of Northeast China:Opportunity,Challenge and Countermeasure

在新时代东北全面振兴和俄罗斯远东大开发战略的背景下,中俄“东北—远东”跨境次区域经贸合作提质升级,基础设施日益完善,能源合作不断深化,农业合作大力开拓。作为中俄合作的桥头堡和最前沿,中俄“东北—远东”跨境次区域合作具有地缘优势、资源互补优势及战略对接优势,既是打造中国向北开放新高地的客观需要,也是响应俄罗斯远东大开发的现实选择,同时还是构建东北亚区域合作新格局的实现路径。然而,中国东北地区和俄罗斯远东地区都属于经济发展外围区和经济技术低梯度区,在体制机制、经济发展、对外开放和思想观念等方面都存在着短板。为此,中俄双方需要全面发力、多点突破:一是加强政策对接协调,完善体制机制,如有效市场机制、城市群机制、东北三省一区协调机制和东北亚次区域协作机制;二是拓宽协同发展路径,创新经贸模式,加强能源、农业和高新技术等领域合作;三是推动东北亚区域经济一体化,完善区域基础设施、跨境物流体系建设;四是涵养文化软经济,促进人文交流、人才交流,改善营商环境。

Under the circumstances of comprehensive revitalization of northeast China in the new era and Russian Far East development strategy,Sino-Russian"Northeast-Far East"cross border sub-regional economic and trade cooperation upgrades,infrastructure increasingly improves,energy cooperation keeps deepening,agricultural cooperation vigorously develops,yielding rich fruits.As the bridgehead and frontier of Sino-Russian cooperation,Sino-Russian"Northeast-Far East"cross border sub-regional cooperation enjoys geographical advantage,resource complementarity advantage and strategic docking advantage,which is both objective need for acting as a new leader of China's opening up northward and the realistic choice of responding to Russian Far East development,furthermore,it is also the realization path of establishing a new pattern of regional cooperation in Northeast Asia.Nevertheless,as marginal regions of economic development and low gradient regions of economy and technology,northeast China and Russian Far East suffer from weaknesses in terms of institution and mechanism,economic development,opening up and ideological concepts.It is imperative to make efforts and make breakthroughs in an all-round way.The first is to strengthen the coordination of policy docking and improve institution and mechanism,such as effective market mechanism,urban agglomeration mechanism,coordinating mechanism of three provinces of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and cooperative mechanism of Northeast Asia Sub-region;the second is to broaden the coordinating development path,innovate economic and trade pattern,and strengthen the cooperation in the fields of energy,agriculture and high and new technology;the third is to promote the integration of regional economy in Northeast Asia and improve the construction of regional infrastructure and cross border logistics system;the fourth is to cultivate soft economy of culture,promote interpersonal and cultural communication,promote talent exchange,and improve business environment.