自我交易型代理权滥用行为的认定及效力分析

Identification and Analysis of the Effects of Self-dealing Abuse of Agency

与无权代理中代理人没有代理权或者超越代理权不同的是,代理权滥用是代理人在没有超越代理权的前提下,违反勤勉义务或忠实义务且损害被代理人利益的一种失范行为。代理人自我交易并不必然构成代理权滥用,因此,只有对符合代理权滥用构成要件的自我交易行为才有予以特别规制的必要。自我交易型滥用与恶意串通型滥用并无本质不同。对于自我交易型代理权滥用行为的效力模式而言,可撤销比效力待定更为可取。可撤销模式的合理性在于:一是可撤销模式更加契合私法自治的民法理念;二是可撤销模式更加符合自我交易型代理权滥用的内部结构;三是可撤销模式并不折损代理法制度的逻辑自洽。

Unlike an agent without authority or in excess of authority,an abuse of authority is a misconduct in which the agent violates the duty of diligence or fidelity to the detriment of the agent's interests without exceeding the authority of the agent.Self-dealing by an agent does not necessarily constitute an abuse of agency,and therefore only self-dealing that meets the elements of an abuse of agency needs to be specifically regulated.Selfdealing abuse is not fundamentally dfferent from malicious conspiracy abuse.Revocability is preferable to pendency as a mode of validity for self-dealing abuse of agency.The reasonableness of the revocable model is that:firstly,the revocable model is more in line with the civil law concept of private law autonomy;secondly,the revocable model is more in line with the internal structure of self-dealing abuse of agency;thirdly,the revocable model does not compromise the logical self-consistency of the agency law system.