我国不良建筑物综合征发生率的meta分析初探

Incidence of sick building syndrome in China:an exploration based on meta-analysis

目的了解现有研究中我国不良建筑物综合征(sick building syndrome,SBS)的总体发生率及分布差异,为相关调查和防控提供参考。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库(知网)、中国科技期刊数据库(维普)、万方数字化期刊全文数据库(万方)、Web of science核心合集、Pubmed数据库,收集自1991—2022年5月发表的我国SBS发生率有关文献,应用meta分析方法得出现有研究中我国SBS总体发生率及其95%CI,并进行不同场景和人群的亚组分析。进行敏感性分析并评价发表偏倚。结果本研究共纳入文献17篇,发表时间为2005—2021年。纳入文献间具有明显异质性(I^(2)=99.2%),故选择随机效应模型进行分析,SBS总体发生率为44.1%(95%CI:31.7%~57.2%)。敏感性分析结果较稳定且未见明显发表偏倚。亚组分析显示,女性SBS发生率(49.1%)略大于男性(43.8%),北方(39.5%)略大于南方(35.5%);工作场所(44.5%)大于居住场所(35.5%);非随机抽样研究(52.5%)大于随机抽样研究(35.0%);明确症状出现时间的研究(52.9%)大于未明确症状出现时间的研究(36.3%);发表时间在2014年及其以前的研究(52.4%)大于发表时间在2014年以后的研究(34.9%),以上6个因素差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。新装修等特殊环境的SBS发生率(69.4%)大于一般环境(36.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.66,P<0.05);不同经济区域的SBS发生率为中部60.9%,东部、西部、东北分别为30.8%、29.1%、19.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.24,P<0.05)。结论我国SBS总体发生率可能较高且在不同场景和人群中的分布具有一定差异。我国SBS发生率调查应注意抽样的随机性、明确症状的出现时间。

Objective To know the incidence of sick building syndrome(SBS)in China from existing researches as well as distribution differences,and to provide the references for future investigation and prevention.Methods The studies about the incidence of SBS were retrieved form CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,Pubmed and Web of Science databases.the pooled data were summarized by using meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of SBS in China and its 95%confidence interval(I^(2)=99.2%,P<0.05)including subgroup analysis.The sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis were performed.Results Totally 17 literatures were included in this study,published from 2005 to 2021.For significant heterogeneity,random effect model were selected,the combined incidence of SBS in China was 44.1%(95%CI:31.7%-57.2%).The subgroup analysis showed that the incidence rates of different gender and geological areas were close,that was a little higher in female than in male,a little higher in north than in south.The combined incidence rate was higher in working place than in living place,higher in non-randomized studies than in randomized studies,and higher in studies published before 2014 than in studies published after 2014.The differences according to the 6 factors above were insignificant(P>0.05).The incidence of SBS was higher in special environment including newly-decorated buildings(69.4%)than general(36.0%),with significant differences(χ^(2)=6.66,P<0.05).The combined incidence was different among economic regions,that is 60.9%,30.8%,29.1%and 19.4%,in central region,in east region,west region and northeast region each,with significant differences(χ^(2)=6.66,P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of SBS may be relatively high in China according to this study,with noteworthy differences among various situations and people to some extent.The incidence survey of SBS in China should pay attention to the randomness of sampling and the exact time of symptom onset.