出生前双酚A暴露与孕妇健康及新生儿出生结局的研究进展

Effects of prenatal BPA exposure on maternal health and birth outcome:a review of recent studies

作为一种环境类雌激素,双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)对人体健康和生态环境的影响受到了研究者的广泛关注。有证据显示,产前暴露于BPA会对孕妇健康和胎儿发育产生有害效应。动物实验证明了BPA暴露对子代宫内发育产生不良影响的生物学可能性,但目前人群研究中的结论尚不统一。大部分研究提示妊娠期的BPA暴露与多种孕期并发症以及新生儿不良出生结局有关,主要表现为妊娠期甲状腺功能失调、妊娠期糖尿病、子痫前期以及对新生儿出生体重和胎龄的影响等。笔者就BPA的暴露评估现状及产前BPA暴露与母婴健康的关联性进行了综述,并针对当前研究中存在的问题提出了建立标准化的BPA分析检测方法,以及开展大规模队列研究的必要性。

As an environmental estrogen,the adverse effects of bisphenol A(BPA)on human health and the ecological environment have raised concerns in researchers.Accumulating evidences suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA can have toxic effects on maternal health and fetal development.Animal studies have shown the biological basis for the adverse effects of BPA exposure on intrauterine development of the offspring,however,no concrete conclusion can be drawn from human studies at present.Nonetheless,most studies suggested that BPA exposure during pregnancy was associated with multiple pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal birth outcomes,mainly such as thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy,gestational diabetes,preeclampsia,as well as abnormal neonatal birth weight and gestational age.This review summarized the current research progress of BPA exposure assessment and the association between prenatal BPA exposure and maternal-neonatal health.Furthermore,standardization of the methods for BPA exposure analysis and large-scale cohort study are recommended for the unsolved issues.